Development of new fetal treatment by intra-tracheal administration of exosome using an animal model of diaphragmatic hernia

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K22959
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: 0905:Surgery of the organs maintaining homeostasis and related fields
• Research Institution: Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
• Principal Investigator: Takayama Shohei 京都府立医科大学, 医学部附属病院, 専攻医 (50883162)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-09-11 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 先天性横隔膜ヘルニア / エクソソーム / 間葉系幹細胞

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) was to be studied for therapeutic efficacy when MSC-derived EVs administration was administered after tracheal occlusion (TO), which has already been clinically applied using a medium-sized animal (rabbit), with the ultimate goal of developing a new treatment. TO on fetal rabbits under intravenous anesthesia resulted in a stabilized success rate. On the other hand, for the MSC experiment, we used rat lung buds, which have been used for a long time, to confirm the difference in the direct and paracrine effects of MSCs before exosome extraction, but we could not proceed to exosome extraction because no significant difference was observed in the surface area and number of branches of lung buds.

Free Research Field

小児外科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

CDHの胎児治療において、TOは生存率は49％と救命率はまだ低く、新規胎児治療開発が急務である。今回の実験では、MSCの持つ直接作用、paracrine作用の効果の違いについては有意差は認めなかったものの、肺成熟効果を保つ事は確実であり、今後の新規治療法開発に向けて期待のできる細胞ソースであると思われた。