Fungal mycobiome in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K22998
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: 0906:Surgery related to the biological and sensory functions and related fields
• Research Institution: University of Fukui
• Principal Investigator: Kidoguchi Masanori 福井大学, 学術研究院医学系部門(附属病院部), 特命助教 (30880132)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-09-11 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 好酸球性副鼻腔炎 / 慢性副鼻腔炎 / マイクロバイオーム / 真菌

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Nasal swab samples were collected from 179 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) and non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (non-ECRS)). The microbial DNA was extracted from the samples. The amplified sequences were measured by a next-generation sequencer using primers that amplify the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and phylogenetic classification was performed. The fungal mycobiome of ECRS and non-ECRS were compared and analyzed for diversity and fungal species. It was found that certain fungal species was decreased as the severity of ECRS was increased.

Free Research Field

耳鼻咽喉科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

好酸球性副鼻腔炎は嗅覚障害や気管支喘息の合併率が高く、鼻腔内にポリープ(鼻茸)が多発し再発率が高い難治性疾患であり、原因としては未だ不明な点が多い。本研究では、好酸球性副鼻腔炎における真菌叢マイクロバイオーム解析を行い、好酸球性副鼻腔炎に特徴的な真菌叢を明らかにした。本研究で見出した特定の真菌をターゲットとして新たな治療法の確立が期待される結果となった。