Elucidation of alveolar bone resorption mechanism in periodontitis associated with traumatic occlusion focusing on Piezo1

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 20K23091
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: 0907:Oral science and related fields
• Research Institution: Meikai University
• Principal Investigator: TAKETANI Yoshimasa 明海大学, 歯学部, 助教 (90875379)
• Project Period (FY): 2020-09-11 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 歯周病 / メカニカルストレス / 骨芽細胞 / カルシウムイオンチャネル

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Excessive occlusal force with periodontitis results in rapid alveolar bone resorption. However, the molecular mechanism has yet not to be completely elucidated. This study focused on Piezo1, which is a mechanosensitive ion channel expressed on osteoblasts.To investigate the involvement of P.g-LPS and mechanical stress on Piezo1 expression and the RANKL/OPG ratio, MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured with P.g-LPS. Then, mechanical stress was applied to the MC3T3-E1 cells. In cells with P.g-LPS, there was no significant change in the Piezo1 mRNA expression level, whereas the RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly increased by additional application of mechanical stress. Subsequently, Piezo1 function was inhibited by the addition of the antagonist or by knockdown via Piezo1 siRNA transfection. After loading, the increase in the RANKL/OPG ratio was suppressed.
These results suggest that Piezo1 is involved in the mechanical stress-induced increase of the RANKL/OPG ratio with P.g-LPS.

Free Research Field

歯周病学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

炎症とメカニカルストレスによって生じる歯槽骨吸収にカルシウムイオンチャネルPiezo1が関与している可能性が示唆される結果を得た．歯周病の進行には歯周病原細菌がもたらす炎症と外傷性咬合によるメカニカルストレスの両者の関与が明らかであるが，ブラッシングなどの炎症のコントロール方法はある程度確立されている一方で，咬合調整などの咬合のコントロールについてはエビデンスが不足しているのが現状である．今回得られた結果により，将来メカニカルストレスによる歯槽骨吸収が薬物療法によりコントロール可能になれば、歯周病罹患率の低下をもたらし，QOLの向上に寄与することができるものと考えられる。