Ring-shaped chalkiness increased by dry wind in rice : Direct measurement of turgor in endosperm cells and the role of osmotic adjustment at low water potential

2011 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21380017
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Crop science/Weed science
• Research Institution: National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
• Principal Investigator: WADA Hiroshi 独立行政法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構, 九州沖縄農業研究センター水田作・園芸研究領域, 主任研究員 (40533146)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): MORITA Satoshi 独立行政法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構, 九州沖縄農業研究センター・水田作・園芸研究領域, 上席研究員 (40391453)
• Project Period (FY): 2009 – 2011
• Keywords: 食用作物 / 作物学 / 環境ストレス / 細胞生理 / 糖代謝

Research Abstract

Foehn-induced dry wind during grain filling typically increased ring-shaped chalky kernels in rice(Oryza sativa L.) plants. The objective of this study was to physiologically investigate mechanisms of the occurrence of ring-shaped chalkiness in the growing endosperm cells by utilizing the improved cell pressure probe. The inner endosperm cells, where the highest frequency of ring-shaped chalkiness was observed, maintained turgor by osmotic adjustment spatially even at low water potentials prior to the chalky formation. The results also indicated that neither the final grain weight nor^<13> C distribution in both panicles and the kernels was declined. Therefore, it was concluded that turgor maintenance by osmotic adjustment contributes to grain development under water deficit by foehn, and osmotic adjustment has a role in temporally inhibiting starch accumulation in endosperms, resulting in ring-shaped chalky kernels under foehn-induced water deficit conditions.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Increased ring-shaped chalkiness and osmotic adjustment when growing rice grains under typhoon/foehn-induced dry wind condition (2011)
  • Author(s): Wada H, Nonami H, Yabuoshi Y, Maruyama A, Tanaka A, Wakamatsu K, Sumi T, Wakiyama Y, Ohuchida M, Morita S
  • Journal Title: Crop Science Volume: 51 Pages: 1703-1715
  • URL: https://www.crops.org/publications/cs/pdfs/51/4/1703
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Computer vision system for automated cell pressure probe operation (2009)
  • Author(s): Wong E, Slaughter DC, Wada H, Matthews MA, Shackel KA
  • Journal Title: Biosystems Engineering Volume: 103 Pages: 129-136
  • URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1537511009000713
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] 台風・高温乾燥風による乳白粒発生の機構解明とその対策技術の考察 (2012)
  • Author(s): 和田博史・野並浩・薮押睦幸・脇山恭行・森田敏
  • Organizer: 日本作物学会第229回講演会要旨集
  • Place of Presentation: 東京
  • Year and Date: 2012-03-29
• [Presentation] Osmotic Adjustment in Growing Rice Grains under Dry Wind Condition (2011)
  • Author(s): Wada H, Morita S, Gholipour Y, Erra-Balsells R, Tanaka F, Nonami H
  • Organizer: 4th International Symposium of Environmental Physiology of Ectotherms and Plants(ISEPEP4)
  • Place of Presentation: Rennes, France
  • Year and Date: 20110718-22
• [Presentation] Increased ring-shaped chalkiness and turgor maintenance in rice grains grown under Typhoon/Foehn-induced dry wind condition (2010)
  • Author(s): Wada H, Nonami H, Yabuoshi Y, Maruyama A, Tanaka A, Wakiyama A, Sumi T, Morita S
  • Organizer: ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Annual Meetings
  • Place of Presentation: Long Beach
  • Year and Date: 20101031-1103