2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Mechanism Design of Market-based Matching Systems for Improving the Efficiency of Transport and Logistics Systems
| Project/Area Number |
21H01448
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 22050:Civil engineering plan and transportation engineering-related
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
和田 健太郎 筑波大学, システム情報系, 准教授 (20706957)
大山 雄己 芝浦工業大学, 工学部, 准教授 (20868343)
佐津川 功季 金沢大学, 融合科学系, 講師 (40867347)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 交通システム / 物流システム / 市場メカニズム / マッチング / オークション |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
This study proposed the introduction of a novel matching system to reduce congestion/increase operational efficiency in metropolitan transport systems, and developed a market mechanism design and system evaluation methodology. More specifically, for (a) public transport, (b) road transport and (c) crowdsourced delivery systems, we first proposed the introduction of a market where the right to use mobility services differentiated by time and space can be traded, and developed a market mechanism and implementation method (market structure, trading rules and algorithms) to achieve efficient allocation of mobility services. By analyzing mathematical models expressing various states with/without the proposed market (e.g.,social optimum and equilibrium), we clarified theoretical relationships between the states, and provided a theoretical framework to quantitatively evaluate the effects of the proposed market systems.
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| Free Research Field |
交通計画・交通工学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究で開発した市場メカニズムは，従来理論に基づくマッチング・メカニズム（e.g., VCGメカニズム）では扱うことができなかった大規模な交通システムにも適用可能である．また，(A)～(C) の異なる交通システムに対して，共通の理論的枠組を提供しており，scalabilityが 要求される一般的（交通以外の）大規模市場の実装法としても広い範囲の応用・拡張が期待できる．また，本研究で開発したシステム評価法は，市場導入前の（渋滞が発生した）均衡状態が，市場導入後の（渋滞が解消した）社会的最適状態から計算可能であることを明らかにしており，動的交通配分理論の体系化・一般化にも大きく貢献する意義がある．
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