2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

A Study on Improvement of Water and Air Hygiene Conditions and Infection Prevention in Non-residential Toilet Spaces

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	21H01497
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 23020:Architectural environment and building equipment-related
Research Institution	Kanto Gakuin University
Principal Investigator	MASAYUKI OTSUKA 関東学院大学, 建築・環境学部, 教授 (20288088)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	豊貞佳奈子福岡女子大学, 国際文理学部, 教授 (00567711) 光永威彦明治大学, 理工学部, 専任講師 (20882822) 山口温関東学院大学, 建築・環境学部, 教授 (40276621) 遠藤智行関東学院大学, 建築・環境学部, 教授 (90385534)
Project Period (FY)	2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	トイレ空間 / 水・空の衛生環境 / 感染症 / COVID-19 / 温熱環境・省エネルギー / 汚染拡散 / 洗浄時飛沫 / 手指洗浄
Outline of Final Research Achievements	The ultimate purpose of this study is to propose guidelines concerning the planning, maintenance and management of water supply, drainage and sanitation facilities and ventilation and air-conditioning facilities in order to ensure good hygienic water and air conditions in non-residential toilet spaces. In particular, the study discusses, from a comprehensive view point, in consideration of water, air and thermal conditions, 1.methods for suppressing aerosol droplets generated from a flushed toilet or urinal, 2.hand washing methods, using a water-saving tap installed to a washbasin or the like, and the disinfection effects thereof, 3. smooth transfer and discharge of sewage through a horizontal drainpipe of a water-saving toilet, 4.thermal environmental planning in consideration of thermal conditions and energy conservation, and 5.the prevention of infection from drainage ventilation devices (traps). The study also presents findings conducive to achieving the aforementioned purpose.
Free Research Field	建築設備・環境工学分野
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究においては、新型コロナ感染症の拡大に伴い、換気・空調分野はウイルス感染の要因と防止策が示された。しかし、衛生環境の悪いトイレ空間とそれに接続する給排水衛生設備については、洗浄時飛沫や汚染拡散の解明とその防止対策が不十分であった。本研究において、トイレ空間での感染症対策について、給排水分野、換気空調・温熱環境分野の成果を総合的に扱ったこと、日常の衛生管理はもちろん、災害時の避難所や高齢者施設での衛生性確保とウイルス感染対策上も有意義な知見を示したことは、社会的な意義は大きい。