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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Model system for nucleic acid-protein liquid-liquid phase separation

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21H02062
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 37010:Bio-related chemistry
Research InstitutionKonan University

Principal Investigator

Miyoshi Daisuke  甲南大学, フロンティアサイエンス学部, 教授 (50388758)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 川内 敬子  甲南大学, フロンティアサイエンス学部, 准教授 (40434138)
Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords相分離 / 四重らせん構造 / DNA / ペプチド / 液滴
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Nucleic acids and proteins form droplets via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in cells. In this study, we attempted to elucidate molecular mechanisms that bring environmental responsiveness and reversibility of droplet formation by focusing on nucleic acid structure, which has not been the focus of previous studies. First, a minimal phase-separation model system consisting of oligonucleic acids and oligopeptides was constructed. By use of the model system, factors affecting LLPS were identified. Furthermore, we develop controlling procedure of LLPS by using G-quadruplex ligands, surrounding environmental factors, and chemical modifications to the nucleic acids. Based on these results, we proposed molecular mechanism and regulation procedure of reorganization of nucleolus, a typical droplet found in cells.

Free Research Field

核酸化学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

LLPS研究の大部分はタンパク質配列に着目するものであり、核酸の分子環境や化学修飾に依存した構造多様性とLLPS能の相関を解明する試みは例がなかった。モデルシステムを構築して、相分離の必須因子を定量的に評価するという化学的取り組みはLLPSの分子機構に迫るものとして基礎科学観点から意義深い。
さらに、LLPSを制御する試みは、核酸構造を標的とする新規医薬品開発に直結し、特に治療効果が低い神経変性疾患に対する新規作用機序の医薬品開発にもつながる。このように本研究では、LLPSの基礎研究からLLPSを標的にする医薬品開発などの展開研究までの広範囲において意義のある成果が得られた。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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