2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Redefining the physiological and ecological significance of the oxidative inactivation and degradation of CO2-fixing enzyme, Rubisco.
Project/Area Number |
21H02089
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
Section | 一般 |
Review Section |
Basic Section 38010:Plant nutrition and soil science-related
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Research Institution | Hiroshima University |
Principal Investigator |
Shimada Hiroshi 広島大学, 統合生命科学研究科(理), 准教授 (80301175)
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
冨永 淳 広島大学, 統合生命科学研究科(生), 助教 (20788632)
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Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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Keywords | Rubisco / 光合成 / 酸化還元 / 酸化ストレス / ガス交換 / 日変化 / ダウンレギュレーション |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We examined how Rubisco oxidation affects crop productivity and nitrogen use efficiency. Our results indicated Rubisco activation rates in field crops often fell below optimal levels, peaking in the morning and declining by evening. Diurnal variation in photosynthesis in tomato and strawberry showed a decrease in Vcmax, especially in afternoon and under high CO2, suggesting the influence of Rubisco oxidation. Adjustment of rice nitrogen fertilization increased nitrogen uptake and biomass without affecting leaf nitrogen content, indicating that photosynthetic function was stable. The effect of gene expression on rice photosynthesis was examined, and rice plants overexpressing BSD2 did not show an increase in biomass, suggesting the possibility of reduced sink capacity. Furthermore, a precise gas exchange measurement technique was developed to enhance the evaluation of Rubisco activity under stress conditions and to enable continuous gas exchange measurements under natural conditions.
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Free Research Field |
植物分子細胞生物学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究は、Rubisco酸化が作物の生産性と窒素利用効率に与える影響を明らかにし、農業生産の効率化に寄与する学術的・社会的意義を持ちます。Rubisco酸化が光合成能力および窒素利用効率に直接影響を与えることを実証し、作物の生産性向上のための新たな育種戦略の開発に貢献します。また、効率的なガス交換測定技術の開発により、光合成活性の正確な評価が可能となり、植物の生育環境に応じた管理方法の改善が期待されます。これらの成果は、持続可能な農業の実現や食糧生産の増加に向けた基盤を提供し、世界の食糧安全保障に貢献するものです。
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