2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Molecular analysis of the extremely rare and high-needs cytoplasmic male sterile rice plant with sporophytically-controlled indehiscent anthers
| Project/Area Number |
21H02161
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 育種学 / 遺伝学 / 遺伝子 / ゲノム / 植物 / イネ |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS; the phenomenon of pollen death due to incompatibility between the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes) is used in the breeding of F1 hybrid varieties. In this study, we found that a japonica rice cultivar carrying the mitochondria of an indica rice variety ‘Tadukan’ shows CMS and fertility restoration. We have identified a CMS-causing gene in the mitochondrial genome and proved by employing genome-editing. We have also identified a nuclear gene responsible for fertility restoration.
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| Free Research Field |
植物分子育種学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
一代雑種品種は、F1が両親に比べ旺盛な生育を示す性質を利用したもので、市販されているほとんどの野菜、トウモロコシ、ソルガムなどは一代雑種品種であり、その育種に細胞質雄性不稔性（CMS;ミトコンドリアゲノムと核ゲノムの相性が悪く花粉が死滅する現象）が使われている。我々が発見したインディカ品種Tadukanに由来するCMS系統は胞子体型の稔性回復様式を示す極めて稀なタイプであり、しかも育種の現場ニーズがあるCMS /RFシステムである。花粉の発育不良ではなく、葯の裂開不良が原因のCMSイネであり、ジャポニカイネの一代雑種品種の育種に利用できる。
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