2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Identification of Oral Amino Acid Sensors in Chickens and Elucidation of the Regulatory Mechanisms of Food Behavior through Them
Project/Area Number |
21H02338
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
Section | 一般 |
Review Section |
Basic Section 42010:Animal production science-related
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Research Institution | Hirosaki University |
Principal Investigator |
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
吉田 悠太 茨城大学, 農学部, 助教 (00875023)
川端 由子 九州大学, 歯学研究院, 助教 (40906830)
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Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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Keywords | ニワトリ / 味覚 / アミノ酸 / カルシウム感知受容体 / 味覚嫌悪学習 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The taste receptors (sensors) that detect amino acids in the oral tissues of chickens have not been well characterized. This study revealed that the activity of calcium-sensing receptors (CaSRs) is enhanced by L-amino acids other than acidic amino acids among the 20 amino acid species. Behavioral methods also revealed that chickens recognize L-alanine, L-serine, L-proline, L-valine, L-histidine, and L-lysine as tastes. They were also found to strongly avoid L-arginine. Therefore, it was considered that some neutral and basic amino acids were recognized as "tastes" by chickens.
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Free Research Field |
家畜生理学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究により、ニワトリの口腔内アミノ酸センサーとしてカルシウム感知受容体(CaSR)が機能していると推察された。また、CaSRに作用するアミノ酸がニワトリに「味」として認識されていることを行動学的手法(味覚嫌悪学習試験)で示すことができた。これらの知見は口腔内アミノ酸センサーをターゲットにしたニワトリの食行動制御技術の確立に繋がることから、飼料費が最大の生産コストとなっている家禽産業に直接貢献するとともに、味覚生理学や進化生物学の分野にも有益な情報をもたらすと考えている。
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