2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Behavioral changes and social stratification during the COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis focusing on social capital in local communities

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	21K01845
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 08010:Sociology-related
Research Institution	Rikkyo University
Principal Investigator	Murase Yoichi 立教大学, 社会学部, 教授 (50301578)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	飯島賢志熊本県立大学, 総合管理学部, 准教授 (00380676) 石原英樹明治学院大学, 社会学部, 教授 (20282494) 河村和徳東北大学, 情報科学研究科, 准教授 (60306868)
Project Period (FY)	2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	社会階層研究 / 災害研究 / コロナ禍 / 東日本大震災 / 社会関係資本 / 原子力発電 / 行動変容 / 統計的社会調査
Outline of Final Research Achievements	We have conducted statistical social surveys in Sendai, a regional core city that is nearing the end of its earthquake reconstruction period, and Tokyo, a metropolitan area city. The purpose of the research is to clarify people's attitudes and willingness to cooperate with self-restraint during the COVID-19 pandemic with regional comparisons. Japanese society has a strong tendency to be concerned about the opinions of others and there is strong pressure to conform. Many overreactions and delays in reopening the economy have also been pointed out. On the results, Sendai City had fewer infected people than Tokyo, but there was more self-restraint. On the result of the multivariate analysis, factors such as age and subjective social stratification (sense of status affiliation) had effects to the feeling that "self-restraint is not good."
Free Research Field	計量社会学、社会階層研究
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	新型コロナ禍における人々の意識や行動に関して、厳密な無作為抽出を伴う統計的社会調査は少ない。日本は同調圧力の社会といわれ、過剰反応や不合理な行動も多く、経済の再開が遅れたという批判も存在する。これは社会学における典型的な「秩序問題」であり、法律的な罰則や罰金などの強制はないが多くの人が協力行動をした。日本における死亡率は比較的低かったが、2022年の出生率が大きく低下するなど、コロナ禍での対応には問題もあった。独自の社会調査データをもとに、新型コロナ禍における、意識や行動の規定因について解明し、とくに、社会階層との関連や、関係的資源保有との関連に着目しつつ、計量分析を行う意義は大きい。