A HIstorical Study on the Structures and Dynamics of Special Education during the High Growth Period in Japan : From the Perspective of Movement and Gender

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K02710
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 09060:Special needs education-related
• Research Institution: Tokyo Metropolitan University
• Principal Investigator: RYUHEI Kawai 東京都立大学, 人文科学研究科, 准教授 (40422654)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 障害児の教育 / 運動 / ジェンダー

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study aimed to contextualize the "education of children with disabilities" in Tokyo during its period of high economic growth from the perspectives of "movement" and "gender," and to verify the process of forming mechanisms to ensure the education of children with disabilities and their social foundations.
In Tokyo, where universal compulsory education was achieved in 1974, the "Bunkyo Ward Committee for the Survey of the Actual Conditions of Children with Disabilities" was organized in 1971 in Bunkyo Ward. The movement, centered around actual surveys and discussions, served as a model for contemporary movements aimed at surveying non-attendance rates. The movement to secure the educational rights of children with disabilities during the high-growth period was also a process through which participants in the movement sought to develop agency in their relationships with children with disabilities.

Free Research Field

障害者教育史

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究が設定した「障害児の教育」とは、狭義の「学校教育」だけではなく、就学前の保育、家族が行う育児も含めて障害児の発達を助成する実践の総体を表す概念である。高度成長期の生活や福祉のなかに埋め込まれた「障害児の教育」の実践や理論を加工・媒介して「学校教育」が形づくられる過程を通して「学校教育」の固有性を明らかにすることができた。「障害児の教育」の社会的基盤と歴史的条件の検証は、現代において多様化する障害児の「特別な教育的ニーズ」の社会的構成要件とともに、「学校教育」を成立させる「教育」の内的構造ならびに外的条件を明らかにするうえでも意義を有する。