2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
How does supercooling capability of grape buds change during a deacclimation process?
Project/Area Number |
21K05555
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Section | 一般 |
Review Section |
Basic Section 39030:Horticultural science-related
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Research Institution | Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine |
Principal Investigator |
Kasuga Jun 帯広畜産大学, 畜産学部, 准教授 (40451421)
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
鈴木 卓 北海道大学, 農学研究院, 教授 (30196836)
高橋 大輔 埼玉大学, 理工学研究科, 助教 (20784961)
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Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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Keywords | ブドウ / 耐寒性 / 脱馴化 / 冬芽 / 過冷却 / 組織構造 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Winter buds of grapevines adapt subfreezing temperatures by supercooling. In this study, we attempted to elucidate the mechanism by which grape buds lose their freezing resistance in early spring. Winter buds of 'Yamasachi' variety grown in the Tokachi region gradually declined their freezing resistance from late February. Then, a temporal increase of the decline rate was observed in early April, and the buds lost their freezing resistance in early May at the same time with budburst. We observed that the initiation of xylem water transport from twigs to bud primordia and the formation of new vessels with larger diameter in buds occurred in early April and during budburst, respectively. These results suggest that enlargement of the ice propagation pathway from the outside to the inside of winter buds led to a stepwise decrease in freezing resistance of grape buds in early spring.
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Free Research Field |
植物生理学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
ブドウの冬芽が芽吹きの時期に耐寒性を失うことは良く知られており、寒冷地域で栽培されるブドウでは、しばしば晩霜害が発生する。ブドウの冬芽が晩霜害を受ける際は、枝から冬芽へと凍結が伝播することは過去に報告されていたが、芽吹き前後で冬芽の耐寒性が劇的に変化する機構については未解明であった。本研究の結果は、道管を通る冬芽内への凍結の伝播しやすさの変化が冬芽の耐寒性喪失に関与することを強く示した。さらに、冬芽と隣接する枝の組織に、未同定ではあるが、凍結の伝播しやすさを決める構造物が存在することを確認した。この構造物を同定し、その特性を変えることができれば、ブドウの晩霜害の低減につながる可能性がある。
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