Identification of two gene loci that determine fruit set under high temperatures in chili pepper

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K05575
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 39030:Horticultural science-related
• Research Institution: Kindai University (2022-2023); Kyoto University (2021)
• Principal Investigator: YAMAZAKI AKIRA 近畿大学, 農学部, 助教 (90895418)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: トウガラシ / 着果不良 / 花粉発芽率 / 高温ストレス / 地球温暖化 / 施設園芸 / 高温着果性 / 花粉

Outline of Final Research Achievements

High temperature stress caused by global warming is a serious problem for agricultural production. An F1 hybrid with high temperature fruit set was produced by crossing two chili cultivars without high temperature fruit set. In the F2 population, there were two gene regions associated with high temperature fruit set, but no individuals with high temperature fruit set appeared in the F5 population, suggesting that heterosis may be involved in the acquisition of high temperature fruit set. The results also revealed differences in the response of pollen development to high temperature stress between the parental cultivars. It was suggested that high temperature tolerant individuals could be produced by crossing cultivars with different responses to high temperature.

Free Research Field

園芸学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

高温ストレス下で生殖能力や着果性を保つためには、高温着果性を有する植物の遺伝的基盤を理解することが重要である。本研究では、高温着果性を持つF1雑種の遺伝子解析を通じて、新たな高温着果性品種の育成に向けた知見を提供した。また、簡易的な花粉発芽率の評価手法を確立し、高温着果性品種のスクリーニングを行った。これにより、品種改良への有用な材料が得られた。本研究の成果は、地球温暖化による高温ストレスが農業生産に与える影響を軽減し、食料安全保障の向上と持続可能な農業の実現に貢献する。