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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Regulation of force-dependent signal pathways during ectodermal patterning in Xenopus embryo

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K06183
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 44020:Developmental biology-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Michiue Tatsuo  東京大学, 大学院総合文化研究科, 教授 (10282724)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 山元 孝佳  東京大学, 大学院総合文化研究科, 助教 (70724699)
Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords外胚葉パターニング / アフリカツメガエル / 物理的な力
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The aim of this study was to clarify the involvement of force in ectodermal patterning and its molecular mechanism. 1) Stretching stimuli on ectoderm tissues, centrifugal stimuli on gastrula embryos, and ectopic induction of apical contraction increased the expression of neural crest markers, whereas cell tension release by myosin inhibition or membrane scramblase injection reduced their expressions. These results suggest the involvement of force in neural crest formation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that force application enhanced both Wnt and BMP signaling. 2) We investigated the stiffness of ectoderm by suction measurement and AFM analysis, and found that the elasticity near the midline was higher than that of the lateral regions. 3) We demonstrated that the force application enhanced the placode gene expression in neural cells differentiated from human iPS cells.

Free Research Field

分子発生生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまで詳細が明らかではなかった、初期胚の外胚葉パターニングに力が関与すること、またその根拠の一つして外胚葉におけるWnt・BMPシグナルが力依存的に活性化することを示した点は、学術的な意義が非常に大きい。また、胚にかかる力が外胚葉の領域ごとに異なる理由として外胚葉領域の剛性に着目し、一連の解析から実際に胚の正中線と側方部で剛性が異なることを示したことは、パターニングに関与する力がどのように発生するかを解く手がかりとなる。ヒトiPS細胞の結果も併せ、本課題で得られた成果は、将来ヒト幹細胞から個体構築を目指す上で、基盤となる情報を与えることになるだろう。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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