2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Establishment of relapse prediction of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders focusing on organ specificity of extracellular vesicles
| Project/Area Number |
21K07412
|
|---|
| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
|
| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
|---|
| Section | 一般 |
|---|
| Review Section |
Basic Section 52020:Neurology-related
|
|---|
| Research Institution | Niigata University |
|---|
Principal Investigator |
SAJI Etsuji 新潟大学, 医歯学総合病院, 助教 (00706418)
|
|---|
| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
河内 泉 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 准教授 (40432083)
清水 宏 新潟大学, 脳研究所, 准教授 (40608767)
|
|---|
| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
|
| Keywords | 視神経脊髄炎 / 細胞外小胞 / エクソソーム |
|---|
| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune CNS disease with autoantibodies against aquaporin 4 water channels expressed on astrocytes. The present study did not identify specific exosomes in the patients with NMOSD. Neuropathological analysis revealed that activated neutrophils and IL-17-secreting T cells accumulate in the early and early active lesions of NMO, and these cells are involved in NMO lesion expansion. We also found that tissue-resident memory T cells cause active lesions by expressing cytotoxic granules, and that FOXP3-positive regulatory T cells suppress inflammation.
|
| Free Research Field |
神経免疫学
|
| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
視神経脊髄炎関連疾患において、病変のステージによって、活性化好中球、IL-17産生T細胞、細胞傷害性顆粒を発現した組織常在性記憶T細胞の集積が炎症の増幅と病変の拡大に関与することを見出した。また、炎症を制御するFOXP3陽性調節性T細胞が病巣を鎮静化させることを明らかにした。これらの細胞群を制御しうるエクソソームを含む血液バイオマーカーを明らかにしていくことで、個々の患者の再発の予兆をとらえ、より適切な治療選択につなげることが期待できる。
|
