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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Establishment of a mouse model of ampullary carcinoma and identification of stem cell niches and cells of origin

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K08000
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 53010:Gastroenterology-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Hayata Yuki  東京大学, 医学部附属病院, 届出研究員 (60897883)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 中川 勇人  三重大学, 医学系研究科, 教授 (00555609)
Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords胆管周囲付属腺 / 十二指腸乳頭部癌
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Using lineage tracing in mice, we found that Axin2-positive peribiliary gland (PBG) cells in periampullary region as biliary epithelial stem cells. Additionally, we found that smooth muscle cells surrounding PBGs secrete R-spondin 3, forming a Wnt-activating niche in this area. When PTEN was specifically knocked out in Axin2-positive cells in mice, ampullary carcinoma developed, and its progression was significantly suppressed by Wnt inhibitors, suggesting that the Wnt-activated niche in periampullary region contributes to ampullary carcinoma development and could be a potential therapeutic target. We also identified OLFM4 as a specific marker for PBG cells in the common bile duct.

Free Research Field

消化器病学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

今回の研究から十二指腸乳頭部に胆管上皮幹細胞が存在することが分かった。乳頭切除後や膵頭十二指腸切除後の晩期合併症として胆管狭窄が生じるが、これはOddi括約筋を含む幹細胞ニッチを切除してしまうことにより、胆管再生が障害されるためかもしれない。小児肝移植の最も多い原因疾患は胆道閉鎖症であり、また成人においても肝移植後の胆管狭窄は肝移植に伴う重要な合併症の一つであることから、胆管の再生機構解明はきわめて重要な命題である。したがって本研究結果は、胆管再生療法や十二指腸乳頭部癌に対する治療法の開発に向け、重要な知見となることが期待される。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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