Basic research on eosinophil subsets to aim a precision medicine for severe eosinophilic asthma

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K08218
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 53030:Respiratory medicine-related
• Research Institution: Kurume University
• Principal Investigator: Kawayama Tomotaka 久留米大学, 医学部, 教授 (80289389)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 気管支ぜん息 / 好酸球 / 表面抗原

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In a comparison of subsets based on the eosinophil surface antigens differences between asthma and control groups, the percentages of induced sputum CD62L-positive, CD69 and CD62L-positive, CD34-positive, CD69 and CD34-positive, and CD62L and CD34-positive cells in eosinophils in the asthma group were significantly lower than those in the control group. In peripheral blood, the percentage of CD62L-positive cells in eosinophils in the asthma group was significantly lower than that in the control group. The percentage of CD69-positive cells in induced sputum eosinophils was significantly negatively correlated with FEV1/FVC ratio, and the percentages of CD62L-positive, CD62L and CD69-positive, or CD69 and CD34-positive cells were significantly negatively correlated with asthma control test scores in patients with asthma.

Free Research Field

呼吸器内科学関連

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

ぜん息患者の誘発喀痰中CD62L、CD69、あるいはCD34陽性好酸球サブセットはいずれも健常人と比較して低下していた。またその好酸球サブセットはぜん息のコントロールレベルを反映していると考えられた。本好酸球サブセットはぜん息診断あるいはぜん息コントロール状況を把握するためのバイオマーカーになりえる可能性があり、治療の有用性の効果判定に利用できる可能性が示唆された。単に好酸球の実数や割合だけではぜん息病態を把握できない可能性があり、好酸球サブセットの解析がぜん息病態解明やぜん息治療の新規開発に貢献すると思われる。