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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Regulation and determining mechanisms of melanocyte killing in vitiligo

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K08356
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 53050:Dermatology-related
Research InstitutionInstitute of Physical and Chemical Research

Principal Investigator

Fukuda Keitaro  国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 生命医科学研究センター, 上級研究員 (60464848)

Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywords尋常性白斑 / CD8+T細胞 / FASL / IFNγ / ヘモグロビンA / ケラチノサイト / 酸化ストレス
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we attempted to determine molecules involved in melanocyte clearance in vitiligo. We generated multiple vitiligo mouse models by injecting melanocyte-specific CD8+ T cells lacking single effector molecules, such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and FASL. We found that FASL is involved in melanocyte clearance in vitiligo in addition to IFN-γ. Furthermore, we performed RNA-seq analysis of the whole epidermis and upper epidermis to determine candidates for unidentified molecules expressed in the epidermis that contribute to melanocyte clearance in vitiligo. During this process, we unexpectedly identified that hemoglobin α (HBA), which serves as an oxygen carrier in erythroid cells, was expressed in the upper epidermis keratinocytes and hair follicle keratinocytes in the isthmus region. Functional analysis revealed that HBA in keratinocytes is induced by oxidative stress and plays a role in reducing the oxidative stress of keratinocytes, contributing to the skin barrier function.

Free Research Field

皮膚バリア、メラノサイト

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

最近、尋常性白斑に対し、欧米でJAK阻害薬が認可されたが、過半数の症例は治療に奏効せず、より有効な治療法の開発のため、更なる尋常性白斑の病態機構の解明が望まれている。我々は、尋常性白斑モデルマウスの解析からIFNγに加え、CD8+T細胞に発現するFASLが治療標的となることを明らかにした。また表皮の解析を通じて、ヘモグロビンA(HBA)が、紫外線などの酸化ストレスにより表皮上層のケラチノサイトに誘導され、酸化ストレスを軽減することで皮膚バリアの一端を担うことを発見した。尋常性白斑の病態に酸化ストレスが関与されていることが知られているが、そこにHBAがどのように関与するか更なる解析が望まれる。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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