Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms in cellular characteristics and diversity of mesenchymal stem cells in tissue regeneration

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K08822
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 55030:Cardiovascular surgery-related
• Research Institution: Osaka University
• Principal Investigator: Sougawa Nagako 大阪大学, 大学院医学系研究科, 招へい教員 (30432579)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 再生医療 / 間葉系間細胞

Outline of Final Research Achievements

There are discrepancies in the clinical effectiveness of regenerative medicine using human tissue mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) because of their diversity. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the cellular characteristics and diversity of MSCs in disease environments. We used human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (US-MSCs), human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs), and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and conducted comparative analyses of their characteristics. Any of cells were difficult to maintain in a stable state. In RNA-Seq analysis, BM-MSCs showed production of much angiogenesis factors, extracellular matrix and hypoxic response in hypoxia than other MSCs. BM-MSCs may be more useful in terms of tissue repair.

Free Research Field

再生医療

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

MSCは由来組織や培養条件により分泌因子の産生性や生物活性に著しい差が認められ、多様性が指摘されている。このような細胞の特性が個々の研究の正確な比較を困難にしてきた。また投与されたMSCが期待された効果を示さず反対の作用を示すこともあり、臨床応用上問題となっている。有効かつ安全なMSC細胞治療を進めるためには、その多様性や細胞特性を制御する分子機構を明らかにし、それに基づいた細胞治療の開発が望まれる。最終的な解明にはいたらなかったが、数種のMSCを直接比較することで、ヒト骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞の特徴は示唆されたと考える。