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2024 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Elucidation of the molecular mechanism under biological response of optic disc astrocytes to mechanical stress

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K09741
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 56060:Ophthalmology-related
Research InstitutionOsaka University

Principal Investigator

Kenji Matsushita  大阪大学, 大学院医学系研究科, 准教授 (40437405)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 臼井 審一  大阪大学, 大学院医学系研究科, 講師 (20546882)
Project Period (FY) 2021-04-01 – 2025-03-31
Keywordsアストロサイト / 緑内障 / 高眼圧 / S100B / Preconditioning / 多光子顕微鏡
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study aimed to elucidate the mechanotransduction response in glaucoma by analyzing the molecular mechanisms of optic nerve head astrocytes and developing retinal live imaging techniques. Using an electroporator, we successfully introduced the transcription factors Ascl-1 and Neurog-2. Furthermore, by combining a custom-designed contact lens with a high-performance objective lens, we achieved high-resolution live imaging of the mouse retina in vivo. We identified an early astrocyte response termed the "preconditioning state" and demonstrated that downregulation of S100B is involved in this morphological change. RNA sequencing revealed changes in gene expression related to cytoskeletal structure and cellular metabolism, suggesting that the early astrocyte response is reversible.

Free Research Field

緑内障

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

緑内障初期に見られる「Preconditioning state」というアストロサイトの非活性化状態を同定し、その形態・遺伝子発現動態(S100BのダウンレギュレーションとGFAPの増加)を詳細に解析した。これは、アストロサイトのストレス応答が単純な活性化に留まらず、可逆的で段階的に変化することを示唆する新しい概念であり、神経変性疾患におけるグリア細胞の役割を再考させる重要な成果である。発症前段階でのアストロサイトPreconditioning stateの同定は、緑内障の発症予測や進行抑制のための早期診断バイオマーカー、あるいは治療介入タイミングの設定に貢献する可能性がある。

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Published: 2026-01-16  

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