Novel strategy for periodontal tissue regeneraion using dead cell-derived signals

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K09906
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 57030:Conservative dentistry-related
• Research Institution: Osaka Dental University
• Principal Investigator: IWASAKI Kengo 大阪歯科大学, 歯学部, 准教授 (40401351)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 歯周病 / 再生 / 間葉系幹細胞

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, the effects of factors released upon cell death of mesenchymal stem cells on periodontal ligament cells were investigated. The results showed that the factors recovered when necrosis was induced in mesenchymal stem cells had an effect on periodontal ligament cells, promoting cell migration and proliferation via the protein components contained in the factors. In this case, basic fibroblast growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor were thought to play a part in this function. On the other hand, factors recovered during apoptosis induction in mesenchymal stem cells elicited expression of M2 macrophage markers when applied to macrophages. It is evident that factors modifying the wound healing process are released when mesenchymal stem cells undergo cell death.

Free Research Field

再生

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

間葉系幹細胞がネクローシスあるいはアポトーシスを起こし細胞死に至る際に組織の創傷治癒過程を修飾する因子が放出されることが明らかとなった。間葉系幹細胞移植後には移植細胞の細胞死が生じることから、本知見は間葉系幹細胞移植による組織再生のメカニズムの一部を説明する可能性がある。また、ネクローシスを起こして細胞死に至った間葉系幹細胞に由来する因子は歯根膜細胞の増殖、遊走を促進する作用を持ち、アポトーシスを誘導した間葉系幹細胞からはマクロファージの分化を制御する因子が放出されることから、細胞死を誘導して回収した因子を用いた新たな歯周組織再生法の開発につながる可能性があると考えられる。