2023 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report
Trans-omics analysis of the difference between Cortical and Trabecular bone.
| Project/Area Number |
21K09998
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| Research Institution | Niigata University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
加来 賢 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 准教授 (30547542)
魚島 勝美 新潟大学, 医歯学系, 教授 (50213400)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | trans-omics / extracellular matrix / bone phenotype / bone regeneration |
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
The Bone Matrisome comprises over 1000 genes that encode extracellular matrix (ECM) and ECM-associated proteins. A genome-wide association study identified distinct genetic loci for cortical and trabecular bone mineral densities, suggesting unique genetic determinants for each bone type. To better understand the differences between these tissues and enhance bone disease treatments and implant therapies, it is essential to isolate tissue exclusively from trabecular bone and cortical bone.
However, this isolation is challenging due to the proximity of trabecular bone to cortical bone and the substantial amount of tissue required. The complex architecture of trabecular bone, characterized by its porous, spongy structure, complicates the separation process. Furthermore, the dense, compact nature of cortical bone requires more rigorous mechanical and chemical procedures to break down and isolate proteins, increasing the risk of contamination and protein degradation. The ECM proteomic workflow also significantly impacts the ECM protein profile, highlighting the need for improved protein extraction methods to accurately determine bone profiles. Current methods often involve harsh conditions that alter or degrade the proteins, resulting in incomplete or biased profiles. Therefore, optimizing extraction techniques to preserve the native state of ECM proteins is crucial for accurate analysis.
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