2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Historical diet reconstruction of endangered raptors using stable isotope analysis: The impact of sika deer carcasses on the raptor population
| Project/Area Number |
21K12332
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 64040:Social-ecological systems-related
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| Research Institution | Yamashina Institute for Ornithology |
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Principal Investigator |
Tomita Yasuko (岩見恭子) 公益財団法人山階鳥類研究所, その他部局等, 研究員 (90446576)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
富田 直樹 公益財団法人山階鳥類研究所, その他部局等, 研究員 (90619917)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 希少猛禽類 / 炭素 / 窒素 / 安定同位体比 / 餌種 / 博物館 / 標本 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Quantifying human impacts on wildlife population dynamics is important for the conservation and management of endangered species. Since the late 1800s, when the development of Hokkaido began in earnest, the habitat environment of the white-tailed eagle and other raptors degradation and their populations declined significantly. However, since the 1990s, the white-tailed eagle population in Hokkaido has been increasing, which is thought to be due to an increase in human-caused food resources such as the sika deer carcasses from hunting and dumped fish. In this study, carbon(δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope analysis of feathers and muscle of endangered raptors from the 1800s to the 2000s were used to estimate historical changes in diets. Both carbon and nitrogen showed increased variation between individuals since the 1990s, suggesting that prey species have become more diverse.
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| Free Research Field |
鳥類生態学, 博物館学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
生態系の頂点に位置する希少猛禽類において、人為的な餌資源の増加は個体群にどのような影響を及ぼすのか、博物館等に所蔵されている1880年代以降の希少猛禽類の剥製標本や冷凍死体から採取した微量な羽毛及び筋肉の炭素・窒素安定同位体比を分析することで、100年以上にわたる長期的な食性変化の定量的な評価に成功した。長期的に保管されている博物館標本や冷凍死体を活用することで、北海道開拓やエゾシカ猟などによる人為的な環境変化と、希少猛禽類の個体数変化との関係を明らかにするだけでなく、鉛中毒の増加や海鳥営巣地の撹乱などの希少猛禽類が関係する他の問題を検討する上で重要な示唆を与えることができると考える。
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