2022 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report
Immune single-cell dynamics studied through optical label-free microscopy
| Project/Area Number |
21K12664
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| Research Institution | Osaka University |
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Principal Investigator |
パヴィヨン ニコラ 大阪大学, 免疫学フロンティア研究センター, 特任講師(常勤) (80644525)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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| Keywords | Label-free microscopy / Immune response / Live single-cell / Cell dynamics / Cell differentiation / Raman spectroscopy |
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
During this part of second year, we extended our measurements of T cells to specifically study their early differentiation under stimulation. We could first very accurately detect activation, and by comparing different types of stimulations, we could determine the main molecular changes that allow for that classification.
Then, by relying on recent non-linear algorithms such as uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP), we could observe the changes that occur after initial activation, where cells gradually differentiate into pre-effector cells. Purely based on the non-invasive signals of optical spectroscopy, it was even possible to observe differences between phenotypes (CD4 and CD8 T cells), and identify sub-populations after several days of differentiation.
In addition to these results, we also applied our approach to the identification of rare lymphocytes phenotypes. We obtained promising results in the detection of regulatory T cells, a sub-type that is a key component in preventing auto-immune diseases, for example. Usually, destructive techniques are required to identify these cells, but despite the very strong similarity between regulatory T cells and conventional ones, our technique is able to distinguish them with high accuracy.
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