Effects of a science class incorporating a "functional view/thinking" on the understanding of "quantity relationships"

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K13660
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 09080:Science education-related
• Research Institution: Joetsu University of Education
• Principal Investigator: YAMADA TAKAYUKI 上越教育大学, 大学院学校教育研究科, 教授 (90824277)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 関数的な見方・考え方 / 理科と数学の教科等横断的な学習 / 量の関係 / 中学校理科教科書 / 問い

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to develop an instructional method that incorporates a “functional view/thinking” in the process of processing and discussing results, and to verify the effect of this method on the understanding of “quantity relationships”. As a result, I clarified the effectiveness of an instructional method in which the science teacher introduces the teaching of mathematical functions in the study of density in the first grade science class at lower secondary school, and has the students focus on the relationship between two quantities and consider their characteristics by relating tables, graphs, and equations to each other. In addition, a mathematics lesson on proportionality was conducted after the science lesson on density, and the effectiveness of repeated instruction of the teaching of functions by the teachers of both subjects was clarified.

Free Research Field

教科教育学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

理科の授業で「関数的な見方・考え方」を働かせる主な場面は，実験の結果を整理して分析し解釈するといった，結果の処理と考察の過程であると考える。そこで，この場面において，①２量の関係を表やグラフに整理する，②表やグラフから２量の変化のきまりや対応の特徴を見いだす，③変化させた独立変数に対する従属変数の比の値を算出する，④２量の関係を立式化するとともに関数関係を考察するといった，「関数的な見方・考え方」を構成する下位能力（山田ら，2020）を取り入れた。その結果，本研究の指導法は，２量関係を理解させ，「理科と数学の教科等横断的な学習の意義」を認識させる上で，一定の効果があることを明らかにした。