Identification of disease susceptibility genes using evolutionary patterns of rice NLR resistance genes.

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K14834
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
• Research Institution: Iwate Biotechnology Research Center
• Principal Investigator: Shimizu Motoki 公益財団法人岩手生物工学研究センター, ゲノム育種研究部, 主任研究員 (90734343)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: NLR / Integrate Domain / 罹病性遺伝子

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Some rice NLR-type resistance genes have an NLR-ID structure that recognizes pathogen avirulence effectors (AVR) by the Integrated Domain (ID). The ID is thought to be another host protein or part of a host protein inserted during the evolution of the NLR. IDs are originally present as targets of pathogenic effectors, but are supposed to function as decoys in NLR-IDs. Therefore, the characterization of the diversity of IDs in the genus Oryza and the analysis of the function of host proteins with sequences homologous to IDs lead to a new understanding of the mechanisms that induce susceptibility to unknown pathogens and contribute significantly to disease resistance breeding.

Free Research Field

遺伝育種

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

Oryza属に含まれる種の167系統に対して、NLR-IDの一つであるPias-2の対立遺伝子産物が持つIDの種類と分布を調査した。その結果、Aゲノム種が持つIDとしてDUF761およびHMAが優占し、これらのドメインを有するイネタンパク質(HpsID: Host protein similar to ID)は病原菌エフェクターの重要なイネ標的因子(=罹病性遺伝子)になりうると考察した。これまでに、HpsID欠損イネにおいて、親和性いもち病菌に対して抵抗性が付与された系統が見られている。NLR-IDは、イネ以外の植物種にも存在することから、同様の手法により罹病性遺伝子の単離が可能である。