2023 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report
Pathogenomics and eco-epidemiology of Mycobacterium orygis, an emerging zoonotic tuberculosis organism
| Project/Area Number |
21K14969
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
THAPA JEEWAN 北海道大学, 人獣共通感染症国際共同研究所, 助教 (40837449)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | tuberculosis / Mycobacterium orygis / Pathogenomics / molecular epidemiology / Nepal |
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
The aim of this study is to explore the unique pathogenomic features of Mycobacterium orygis, a new subspecies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex that has been reported to cause tuberculosis (TB) in animals and humans. We performed a comparative whole genome analysis of our Mycobacterium orygis isolate along with other Mycobacterium orygis isolates and other members of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The genomic and epidemiological analysis of Mycobacterium orygis revealed that it is endemically distributed in South Asia, and there is a threat from Mycobacterium orygis-associated tuberculosis in South Asia and beyond. The result showed that Mycobacterium orygis has specific genetic features in anti-SigK factor gyrB, mmpL6, PPE55, Rv2042c, TbD1. Several Mycobacterium orygis specific genetic regions were targeted to develop rapid detection methods employing PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification method. A PCR diagnostic method targeting RD301 region, which can specifically detect Mycobacterium orygis by differentiating it from other members of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was developed. We plan to incorporate this technology in our future for surveillance of zoonotic tuberculosis in Nepal and other countries. We have developed a fecal mycobacterial assay that uses magnetic beads to capture tuberculosis DNA, which can later be detected by the LAMP method. I travelled to Nepal for meeting and surveillance of zoonotic tuberculosis. From our collaborative study, we detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis in five captive Asian elephants in Nepal.
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[Presentation] Surveillance of elephant tuberculosis in captive and wild elephants of Nepal2023
Author(s)
Arjun Pandit, Jeewan Thapa, Yasuhiko Suzuki, Chie Nakajima, Amir Sadaula, Shrestha Bijaya Kumar, Naresh Subedi, Susan Mikota, Michito Shimozuru, Bhawana Shrestha, Sarad Paudel, Baburam Lamichhane, Toshio Tsubota
Organizer
Sapporo Summer Symposium for One Health (SaSSOH 2023)
