Study on invasion potential of Helicobacter pylori uninfected signet ring cell gastric cancer

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K15927
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 53010:Gastroenterology-related
• Research Institution: Hiroshima University
• Principal Investigator: Kotachi Takahiro 広島大学, 病院(医), 助教 (60838788)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: ヘリコバクターピロリ未感染胃癌 / 未分化型癌 / 浸潤癌 / 除菌後胃癌

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Most invasive gastric cancers are associated with H. pylori infection in Japan. The aim of this study was to investigate what kind of genetic mutations are found in invasive gastric cancers without H. pylori infection. In this study, we analyzed undifferentiated-type adenocarcinoma among gastric cancers. In the genetic analysis of cancer tissues from H. pylori uninfected and post-eradicated gastric cancers, pathogenic variants of CDH1, RHOA, TP53, and ZFHX3 were found in more than 10% of all the cancer tissues. Among them, the frequency of CDH1 pathogenic variants was significantly higher in the uninfected gastric cancer group than in the post-eradicated gastric cancer group.

Free Research Field

消化器内科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

ピロリ菌感染が減少している本邦では胃癌は数十年後には稀な癌になる可能性がある。しかしピロリ菌に関与しない未分化型胃癌、特に印環細胞癌は一定頻度で発症しその中でも浸潤性の胃癌が命に関わってくる。粘膜内の印環細胞癌がどのような原因で浸潤性の胃癌に変わるのかメカニズムを解明することで胃癌治療の創薬に繋がる可能性がある。さらに、浸潤癌に移行する遺伝子バイオマーカーが同定できれば胃癌診療における新たなストラテジーが確立できる可能性がある。