Establishment of a highly efficient islet transplantation method with Muse cells

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K16391
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 55010:General surgery and pediatric surgery-related
• Research Institution: Fujita Health University
• Principal Investigator: Aida Naohiro 藤田医科大学, 医学部, 講師 (40750500)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 膵島移植 / 1型糖尿病 / Muse細胞

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We investigated whether co-transplantation of islet and Muse cells could improve the efficacy of islet transplantation. Eight-week-old diabetic rats were administered rat islets alone or co-transplantation of rat islets with human Muse cells or human MSCs (five cases per group). The blood glucose improvement rate (400 mg/dl or less at any time) was 80% (4/5 cases) in the Muse cell co-transplantation group, compared with 40% (2/5 cases) in the islet alone group and 20% (1/5 cases) in the MSC co-transplantation group. The Muse cell co-transplantation group showed a higher blood glucose improvement rate than the other two groups. These results suggest that co-transplantation with Muse cell may improve the efficacy of islet transplantation.

Free Research Field

膵島移植

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

膵島移植では投与された膵島の大部分が死滅し単回の移植による効果は限定的である。そのため複数回移植が行われることが多い。本研究成果では、Muse細胞と共移植することで1回ごとの膵島移植効率が向上することが示唆された。Muse細胞との共移植が臨床応用された場合、1回あたりの膵島移植効果が向上することで、移植回数の減少による身体的、経済的負担の軽減となること、また、1人当たりの必要移植回数が減るため、より多くの患者へ移植機会が提供できる可能性がある。