2021 Fiscal Year Research-status Report
An idea of regulatory science-based bone regeneration product for critical bone defect healing
| Project/Area Number |
21K16962
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2025-03-31
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| Keywords | Calvaria osteoblasts / Polylactic acid scaffold / Critical bone defect / Bone tissue engineering |
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
We successfully generate a large jaw bone defect model in mice; the maxillary right first molar was extracted by luxation using a needle tip (20Gx1.1/2, Terumo) and a small-sized needle holder by a gentle back and forth motion without damaging the alveolar bone. A 3-dimensional (3D) polylactic acid scaffold (3DPLA) was fabricated with high mechanical properties and a controlled scaffold microstructure to tailor the pore size and distribution and the biodegradability rate by electrospinning technology.Isolated MCOB were seeded at a density of 3.3x10^4 cells/scaffold and incubated for two hours to allow for attachment prior to transplantation. Transplanted samples were collected at 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation and fixed in 10% formalin for further analysis.
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| Current Status of Research Progress |
Current Status of Research Progress
2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.
Reason
Large bone defects that cannot heal spontaneously are increasing in association with an ageing society in the inability to adequately treat these defects represents an unmet medical need. This study aims to show that a complex of osteogenic cells, such as immature osteoblast-like cells and a poly-lactic acid polymer based on three-dimensional biodegradable scaffolds, has the potential to overcome this drawback. The main aim of our study is to show that the autogenic transplantation of immature osteoblast-like cells and a 3DPLA nanoarchitecture scaffold represents a viable new bone tissue engineering methodology for large jawbone defects.
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| Strategy for Future Research Activity |
To verify the jawbone regeneration ability of the MCOB-3DPLA constructs, Micro CT analysis, Histological (HE and Masons trichome staining) and immunobiological (CD31 and Osteocalcin) analysis will be performed. Micromechanical properties of the regenerated bone in the mouse maxilla defect model using nanoindentation measurements will be carried out, an effective technique for assessing the hardness of bone tissue. The nano indented measurements will be taken from the centre of the defect area in the MCOB-3DPLA, cytrans, 3DPLA and empty defect groups. The osseointegration ability of the regenerated bone will be evaluated by placing a dental implant at eight weeks post-transplantation to assess the tolerance to implant therapy. The implants will be placed in the area of regenerated bone (M1 area) in all of the experimental groups, and osseointegration will be tested after four weeks by micro CT and histological analysis.
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