2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Analysis of feeding mechanisms regulated by exosomes and development of novel therapeutic approaches
Project/Area Number |
21K17638
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
Basic Section 59040:Nutrition science and health science-related
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Research Institution | Hiroshima University (2023) Gifu University (2021-2022) |
Principal Investigator |
Hamamoto Akie 広島大学, 統合生命科学研究科(総), 研究員 (60784197)
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Project Period (FY) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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Keywords | エクソソーム / Gタンパク質共役型受容体 / メラニン凝集ホルモン受容体1 / 摂食 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Exosomes are extremely small (50-150 nm) membrane vesicles secreted by most mammalian cells that carry extracellular information. We discovered melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1) is present in exosomes, which are secreted outside the cells. However, MCHR1 taken into other cells was found to produce little intracellular signaling, suggesting a potential role in excreting unnecessary MCHR1 from the cells. Furthermore, it was found that: (1) MCHR1 requires glycosylation for expression in exosomes, (2) the MCHR1 present in exosomes is transferred after internalization, and (3) the intracellular C-terminal region of MCHR1 is crucial for exosomal expression. This study elucidates the receptor delivery mechanism by exosomes and holds promise for understanding the physiological functions of receptor-containing exosomes.
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Free Research Field |
生化学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
Gタンパク質共役型受容体(GPCR)は生きるための様々な生理機能において必須の役割を果たしている。これまでごく一部のGPCRがエクソソームに存在することが報告されているが、エクソソームに存在するGPCRの発現や機能を解析した報告は極めて少なく、現在、GPCR研究においてエクソソームの重要性は全くと言っていいほど考慮されていない。しかし今回、摂食制御に関与するMCHR1がエクソソームに発現すること、これにより不要なMCHR1が細胞外に排出することで摂食行動を制御する可能性を見出した。本研究により、エクソソームによるGPCR送達機構が解明され、摂食行動の新規メカニズム解明が期待される。
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