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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Role of host RNA dependent RNA polymerase in virus adaptation and evolution.

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K19191
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 42:Veterinary medical science, animal science, and related fields
Research InstitutionNagasaki University

Principal Investigator

YOSHII Kentaro  長崎大学, 高度感染症研究センター, 教授 (50421988)

Project Period (FY) 2021-07-09 – 2024-03-31
KeywordsRNA依存性RNAポリメラーゼ / RNAi / マダニ / ダニ媒介性ウイルス
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The replication of the genomic RNA of RNA viruses is facilitated by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) encoded by the virus genome. In recent years, it has been revealed that various host species also possess their own RdRp. In this study, we focused on these host-derived RdRp and analyzed their roles on virus replication. We revealed that each host species harbors multiple RdRp homologs, and each RdRp can act on both virus replication enhancement and virus exclusion, varying with different viruses. This suggests that viruses may have evolved to adapt to host environments which possesses multiple RdRps.

Free Research Field

獣医学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の成果は、ウイルスが媒介宿主への適応やウイルス感染に対する宿主RdRpの多様化等、不明な点の多いウイルス-宿主の共生関係についての解析を推進させ、ウイルスの起源の探索や、ウイルスの進化予測技術の確立による流行予防等の基盤構築につながると期待される。また得られた知見を応用する事で、媒介動物体内では排除されやすく自然環境中に残存しないように改良したワクチン開発や、ウイルスを排除しやすくした媒介動物の開発によるベクターコントロール等の感染制御法への将来的な応用が期待される。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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