Development of a novel antigen receptor isolation technique using the characteristics of T cell differentiation

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 21K19510
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 54:Internal medicine of the bio-information integration and related fields
• Research Institution: Kyushu University
• Principal Investigator: Chinen Takatoshi 九州大学, 医学研究院, 講師 (80432912)
• Project Period (FY): 2021-07-09 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: T細胞 / 免疫制御

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Advances in cell culture and genetic modification technologies have made it possible to modify cell functions, and the development of new cell therapies to treat disease is gaining momentum.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-conjugated T cells (CART) have been shown to be effective against leukemia and lymphoma, but there are still major problems, such as relapse after remission, and further advances in cell therapy are needed.
In this study, we analyzed the differentiation of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing murine bone marrow cells in vivo to determine the conditions under which CAR-expressing cells are selected by antigen in the thymus and distributed to the periphery as mature cells.

Free Research Field

免疫学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

造血系悪性腫瘍に対してはCART細胞療法が一定の成果を挙げているが、細胞療法の分野そのものがいまだ開発初期の段階にある。CART療法に関しては、治療後の再発、固形腫瘍に対する有効性の低さ、医療経済学的な議論など、様々な問題を抱えており、新たなブレイクスルーが求められている。このような現状において、新たな機能を有する可能性を秘める人工受容体発現細胞の生体内分化の道筋を探る事は、将来への備えとして大きな意義を有するものと考える。