2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Regenerative therapeutics of bone diseases by means of in situ direct reprogramming

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	21K19577
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 56:Surgery related to the biological and sensory functions and related fields
Research Institution	Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
Principal Investigator	Mazda Osam 京都府立医科大学, 医学(系)研究科(研究院), 教授 (00271164)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	山本健太京都府立医科大学, 医学(系)研究科(研究院), 助教 (00636160) 新井祐志京都府立医科大学, 医学(系)研究科(研究院), 准教授 (50347449)
Project Period (FY)	2021-07-09 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	再生医療 / 骨疾患 / ダイレクト・リプログラミンング
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Bone regenerative therapy may be useful for treatment of patients with bone resorptive diseases including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. We previously succeeded in directly converting human fibroblasts into functional osteoblasts that may be applicable to novel bone regenerative therapy in the future. To realize effective bone regenerative therapy using the direct conversion (DC) technologies, however, it is also needed to develop a suitable scaffold that can support formation of cultured 3D bone tissue in combination with reprogrammed osteoblasts, as well as a novel technology to induce DC at a bone resorptive lesion. In this study, we have developed a novel transplantable scaffold that enable directly converted osteoblasts to form 3D bone tissue in culture, while we also tried to obtain data for basic technology that are needed to directly induce osteoblasts from other somatic cells at a bone resorptive tissue.
Free Research Field	再生医学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	骨粗しょう症、関節リウマチ、変形性膝関節症などの骨吸収性疾患は、罹患者数が極めて多く、運動機能を著しく低下させて、健康寿命を短縮する疾患である。高齢化と相まって、医療資源の消費の観点からも大きな問題であり、有効な骨再生治療が求められている。機能的な骨芽細胞を骨欠損部位に直接供給することが出来れば、失われた骨組織の再生を促進し、種々の骨吸収性疾患に対する効果的な治療法となり得る。本研究は、骨芽細胞の分化のエピジェネティック制御の分子レベルの理解につながり学術的な意義も大きいが、上記のように骨吸収性疾患の治療法の開発に直結する基盤技術を提供する可能性があり、社会的な意義も大きい。