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2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Aqueous batteries with a wide electrochemical potential window

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 21K20480
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section 0401:Materials engineering, chemical engineering, and related fields
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Ko Seongjae  東京大学, 大学院工学系研究科(工学部), 助教 (90910282)

Project Period (FY) 2021-08-30 – 2023-03-31
Keywords電気化学 / 水系二次電池 / リチウムイオン電池
Outline of Final Research Achievements

To achieve high-voltage aqueous rechargeable batteries, the narrow thermodynamic potential window of pure water (1.2 V) should be overcome. Here, we report a new category of ion-conductive liquid, room-temperature hydrate melt, with extremely reduced water activity, thus suppressing the H2 evolution at the anode. Specifically, the eutectic point of symmetric Li salt LiN(SO2CF3)2, and asymmetric Li salt Li[N(SO2C2F5)(SO2CF3)], Li[N(SO2C3F7)(SO2CF3)], and Li[N(SO2C4F9)(SO2CF3)] have been explored, forming the several Li room-temperature monohydrate melts. By expanding the exploration area to Na-based systems, a new room-temperature Na dihydrate melt based on Na[N(SO2C2F5)(SO2CF3)] and Na[N(SO2C3F7)(SO2CF3)] has been also developed. These hydrate melts provide a wide potential window over 4 V due to their unique solution structure, where hydrogen bonds between water molecules are completely broken.

Free Research Field

水系リチウムイオン電池

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

電解液は一定電位で還元され、電極表面に不動態被膜を形成する。この被膜は、イオンの通路でありながら、電極と電解液の直接接触を遮断し、更なる電解液の還元分解を抑制する。問題は、還元分解生成物が、水に溶けやすい、あるいは、水と反応しやすいことにより被膜の機能性 (遮断性)が低下する点であった。本研究において開発された様々な新規常温溶融水和物は、水の活量を極限まで低下させたことから、還元耐性の大幅な向上を実現した。これによって、今まで活用できなかった低電位電極を用いた高電圧水系電池の開発が期待され、数年間低迷していた水系電池の高電位化の重要なターニングポイントになると強く確信する。

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Published: 2024-01-30  

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