2012 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Molecular mechanisms of the regulation of oligosaccharides within egg-coating envelope during fertilization
| Project/Area Number |
22590213
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
General physiology
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| Research Institution | Toho University |
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Principal Investigator |
MIWA Naofumi 東邦大学, 医学部, 准教授 (40255427)
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| Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha) |
TAKAMATSU Ken 東邦大学, 医学部, 教授 (90154898)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2010 – 2012
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| Keywords | 生理学 / 受精 / 糖鎖 |
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| Research Abstract |
Fertilization comprises oligosaccharide-mediated sperm-egg interactions, beginning with sperm-recognition of egg-coating extracellular envelope. We identified a novel mediator of fertilization, dicalcin, in the egg envelope of Xenopus laevis. Inactivation of native dicalcin by specific antibody increased the fertilization rate, while addition of dicalcin inhibits fertilization as well as sperm-recognition. Dicalcin binds to a constitutive glycoprotein of the egg envelope, inducing its conformational change, and simultaneously affects the structure of the envelope. We also identified the mouse counterpart of Xenopus dicalcin, and found thatmouse dicalcin, present in the cumulus cells of cumulus-oocyte complex, also inhibits in vitro fertilization. Thus, dicalcin regulates sperm-egg interaction during fertilization both in frogs and mice
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