難分解性有機性廃棄物の光触媒処理による高効率バイオガス生産システムの構築

2011 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 22880007
• Research Institution: University of Tsukuba
• Principal Investigator: 楊 英男 筑波大学, 生命環境系, 准教授 (50561007)
• Keywords: 光触媒 / 難分解性 / 有機性廃棄物 / 水素発酵 / メタン発酵 / バイオガス生産システム

Research Abstract

本研究は難分解性有機系廃棄物の光触媒処理による高効率バイオガス生産システムの構築を目的にする。
本年度は光触媒分解装置の開発を目的に、本システムに提案した光触媒分解装置として、発酵前段階の原料分解装置と発酵終了段階の廃液分解装置の試作を行った。その開発した処理槽を用いて、下水処理場の活性汚泥廃水を原料とする処理実験を行い、原料濃度、光照射時間、光強度、触媒投入濃度などを変数として可溶化率の最適化を行った。また可視光条件など自然界における幅広い光源にも適用できる光触媒材料の検討を行った。生物系廃棄物の水素・メタン発酵では、ガス転換速度の向上が重要な課題である。システム全体の目標を達成するために、下水汚泥由来のコンポストから集積したミクロフローラを用いて、前記の廃水原料とする55℃連続培養を行い、pH及び水理学滞留時間(HRT)を変数として可溶化率と水素生成収率の最適化試験を行った。さらに、前年度に確立された各々の技術をもとに、検証実験を行った。
廃水処理中の活性汚泥をモデル難分解性廃棄物として用いて、開発した光触媒分解装置の処理検討の結果、8時間で50%以上の大変優れた分解率が得られた。さらに、処理された活性汚泥を発酵原料として、水素発酵を行った結果、光触媒処理しないケースに比べ、水素の生産率は17倍も上がったことが明らかになった。目標である有機物分解率の向上.(90%以上)、システム全体のエネルギー回収率は実規模で65%以上(熱量換算)に改善されることが実現可能になった。
それらの研究結果として、原著論文6編と学会発表9回、うち招待講演1回を成果として収めた。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Treatment of ammonium-rich swine waste in modified porphyritic andesite fixed-bed anaerobic bioreactor (2012)
  • Author(s): Wang, Q., Yang, Y. N., Li D., Feng, C., Zhang, Z. Y
  • Journal Title: Bioresource Technology Volume: 111 Pages: 70-75
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Highly-efficient Anaerobic Digestion of Refractory Organic Waste Using Subcritical Water Hydrolysis as Pretreatment Process (2012)
  • Author(s): Miyashiro, T., Wang, Q., Yang, Y. N., Shimizu, K., Sugiura, N., Matsui, S
  • Journal Title: Japanese Journal of Water Treatment Biology Volume: 48(1) Pages: 23-27
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Hydrogen production by anaerobic co-digestion of rice straw and sewage sludge (2012)
  • Author(s): Kim, M., Yang, Y.N.*, Morikawa, M., Wang, Q., Lee, M.V., Lee, D.Y., Feng, C., Zhou, Y.Zhang, Z.Y.
  • Journal Title: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Volume: 37 Pages: 142-3139
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Enhancement on biodegradation and anaerobic digestion efficiency of activated sludge using a dual irradiation process (2011)
  • Author(s): Yang, Y. N., Tsukahara, K., Yang, R. Y., Zhang, Z. Y., Sawayama, S.
  • Journal Title: Bioresource Technology Volume: 102 Pages: 10767-10771
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Development of a High-Efficiency Methane Fermentation Process for Hardly Degradable Rice Straw (2011)
  • Author(s): Yang, Y. N., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, R., Sugiura, N.
  • Journal Title: Journal of integrated field science Volume: 8 Pages: 61-71
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Study on a fixed zeolite bioreactor for anaerobic digestion of ammonium-rich swine wastes (2011)
  • Author(s): Wang, Q., Yang, Y. N., Yu, C., Huang, H., Kim, M., Feng, C., Zhang, Z. Y
  • Journal Title: Bioresource Technology Volume: 102 Pages: 7064-7068
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Waste Activated Sludge Pretreatment By TiO_2 Photocatalysis (2012)
  • Author(s): Liu, C., Yang, Y.N., Wang, Q., Zhu, Q., Zhao, Y., Chen, J., Zhang, Z.Y.
  • Organizer: The 4th Energy and Environmental Workshop
  • Place of Presentation: National Taiwan University, Taiwan
  • Year and Date: 20120329-20120330
• [Presentation] Two-stage Anaerobic Co-digestion of Sewage Sludge and Rice Straw for the Sequential Production of Hydrogen and Methane (2012)
  • Author(s): Kim, M., Matsuo, S., Yang, Y.N., Zhang, Z.Y.
  • Organizer: The 4th Energy and Environmental Workshop
  • Place of Presentation: National Taiwan University, Taiwan
  • Year and Date: 20120329-20120330
• [Presentation] Two-phase hydrogen and methane production by co-digestion of rice straw and sewage sludge under thermophilic condition (2011)
  • Author(s): Kim, M., Yang, Y.N., Matsuo, S., Zhang, Z.Y.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Agriculture Education for Sustainable Development
  • Place of Presentation: 筑波大学、つくば市
  • Year and Date: 20111107-20111111
• [Presentation] Study on Enhancing Hydrolysis of Organic Waste by TiO_2 Photocatalysis (2011)
  • Author(s): Lu, W., Li, D., Yang, Y.N.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Agriculture Education for Sustainable Development
  • Place of Presentation: 筑波大学、つくば市
  • Year and Date: 20111107-20111111
• [Presentation] Application of Ca-modified porphyritic andesite for ammonium removal in anaerobic digestion process (2011)
  • Author(s): Wang, Q., Yang, Y.N., Li, D.W., Feng, C., Zhang, Z.Y.
  • Organizer: International Symposium on Agriculture Education for Sustainable Development
  • Place of Presentation: 筑波大学、つくば市
  • Year and Date: 20111107-20111111
• [Presentation] Enhancing hydrolysis of macromolecular components of waste activated sludge by UV-TiO_2 photocatalysis (2011)
  • Author(s): Li, D.W., Yang, Y.N., Jiang, W.Z., Zhang, Z.Y
  • Organizer: 4th Japan-China Graduate Student Forum-Life, Environment and Resource
  • Place of Presentation: Beijing, China
  • Year and Date: 20110924-27
• [Presentation] A semi-continue photocatalysis process using titanium dioxide nano particles for degradation of raw activated sludge (2011)
  • Author(s): Liu, C.G., Yang, Y.N., Li, D.W., Zhao, Y.X., Wang, Q., Chen, J., Zhang, Z.Y.
  • Organizer: 4th Japan-China Graduate Student Forum-Life, Environment and Resource
  • Place of Presentation: Beijing, China
  • Year and Date: 20110924-20110927
• [Presentation] High Efficiency Bioenergy Conversion and Useful Material Production (2011)
  • Author(s): Yang, Y.N., Zhang, Z.Y., Sugiura, N.
  • Organizer: Workshop of Environmental Sciences of Academic Communication of University Tsukuba and Zhenezhou University in 2011
  • Place of Presentation: Zhengzhou, China(招待講演)
  • Year and Date: 20110728-20110729
• [Presentation] Comparison of Methanogenic Carrier Materials and Immobilization Method in Anaerobic Bioreactors (2011)
  • Author(s): Yang, Y. N., Zhang, Z. Y., Sugiura, N
  • Organizer: Asia Congress on Biotechnology 2011
  • Place of Presentation: Shanghai, China
  • Year and Date: 20110511-15