Association of Dysbiosis with enteric plexus and intestinal epithelial formation after neonatal intestinal resection and therapeutic strategies

2024 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 22K08732
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 55010:General surgery and pediatric surgery-related
• Research Institution: Mie University
• Principal Investigator: Uchida Keiichi 三重大学, 医学系研究科, リサーチアソシエイト (30293781)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 小池 勇樹 三重大学, 医学部附属病院, 講師 (10555551) ; 長野 由佳 三重大学, 医学部附属病院, 助教 (60892479) ; 松下 航平 三重大学, 医学部附属病院, 助教 (70750777)
• Project Period (FY): 2022-04-01 – 2025-03-31
• Keywords: 先天性消化管疾患 / 新生児 / 腸管神経叢 / 腸内細菌叢

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In recent years, dysbiosis of the intestinal microflora has been strongly suggested to be not only a cause of immune and allergic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and asthma, but also associated with obesity and digestive cancers. This study not only examined dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota in children who had to undergo gastrointestinal surgery in the neonatal period, but also confirmed the relationship between the degree of dysbiosis and dysplasia of the enteric nervous system and intestinal epithelial growth, and further examined whether administration of butyric acid bacteria or lactic acid bacteria can restore the intestinal dysfunction. This is an original and practical research that can be immediately applied to clinical practice.

Free Research Field

小児外科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

この研究成果により，新生児期の消化管手術や抗生剤投与による腸内細菌叢のDysbiosisや腸管神経叢の形成異常などが明らかになれば，それを予防するための整腸剤（butyric acidやLactic acid系など）投与の重要性だけでなく，抗生剤投与をできる限り控えるべきエビデンスが構築される可能性がある．これにより新生児期の消化管手術時における周術期管理法を，患児の腸内細菌叢や腸管神経叢の側面から新たに見直すきっかけとなり，患児にとってより良い周術期管理が開発される可能性がある．