Development of a novel periodontal tissue regeneration therapy using mesenchymal stem cell clumps induced endochondral ossification ex vivo.

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 22K17060
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 57030:Conservative dentistry-related
• Research Institution: Hiroshima University
• Principal Investigator: Horikoshi Susumu 広島大学, 病院(歯), 助教 (90911587)
• Project Period (FY): 2022-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 間葉系幹細胞 / 軟骨細胞 / 軟骨内骨化 / 骨再生

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study is to develop a new method that can regenerate bone lost due to periodontal disease in a relatively short period of time. To achieve this goal, we use the clumps of mesenchymal stem cells/extracellular matrix complexes(C-MSCs) and conducted transplantation experiments.
It has already been shown that chondro-inductive C-MSCs are effective in bone regeneration. On the other hand, in this study, C-MSCs with chondrocyte induction followed by bone differentiation induction are transplanted into a bone defect model with the expectation of shortening the regeneration period. The results showed that C-MSCs cultured in two different medium showed higher bone regeneration effect in a shorter period of time through their own bone formation. The study also revealed that the bone derived from the graft and the surrounding bone form an osteocyte network.

Free Research Field

歯周組織再生

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究によって、軟骨誘導培地と骨分化誘導培地を用いて作製した間葉系幹細胞集塊(C-MSCs)が軟骨誘導C-MSCsと比較してより短期間で骨再生効果を示すことが明らかとなった。本研究で用いたC-MSCs移植は、既存の治療法では再生困難な骨欠損の再生が期待できる上、骨再生期間の短縮によって、治癒期間の感染リスクの低減およびコスト削減にも貢献できると考える。またこの成果は、歯周組織の再生だけでなく、医科領域で見られる外傷や炎症による骨欠損に対しても有効な再生治療法の開発の一助になると期待できる。
さらに、本研究の細胞移植法では異種動物由来成分を使用しないため、臨床応用にも有利であると考える。