2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Fundamental study on control of microbial community in building environment with material selection

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	22K18845
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Review Section	Medium-sized Section 23:Architecture, building engineering, and related fields
Research Institution	Hiroshima University
Principal Investigator	Teramoto Atsushi 広島大学, 先進理工系科学研究科(工), 准教授 (30735254)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	森拓郎広島大学, 先進理工系科学研究科(工), 准教授 (00335225) 石山央樹大阪公立大学, 大学院工学研究科, 准教授 (90634436)
Project Period (FY)	2022-06-30 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	微生物 / 建材 / コンクリート / 木質材料 / 湿式スワブ法 / pH / 含水率 / DNA濃度
Outline of Final Research Achievements	In this study, we focused on the surface of concrete and wood materials, which are typical porous building materials, to clarify (1) material conditions and (2) temperature and humidity environmental conditions that affect the growth of microbes living in the surface. The results showed that the collection efficiency of microorganisms by the wet swabbing method did not differ significantly among building materials, that about 20% of bacteria living in the surface of materials could be collected, that the pH measurement method using sample powder was appropriate for building materials with low moisture content for which pH could not be measured, and that even if the relative humidity was the same, the pH of the surface was not significantly different among building materials. It was confirmed that the growth of microorganisms in the surface layer differs depending on the type of building material, even if the environmental relative humidity is the same.
Free Research Field	建築材料・維持管理
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	建築物には多種多様な材料が使用されており，材料表層や内部に生息する微生物を極力環境のまま採取する方法は確立されていない。本研究では，微生物生態学分野の研究者らと共同して，微生物を採取するためのサンプリング方法，およびDNA抽出法の妥当性を示した。本手法を用いて，セメント系材料の微生物群集構造の分析を実施し，材料中の含水率よりむしろ材料の空隙の寸法が微生物の消長により大きな影響を与えている可能性が高いことを示した。以上の成果は，建築業界の新たな知見を得ただけでなく，異分野間における学術融合の推進に貢献している。