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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Characterization of the bacterial elongation mechanism under grazing pressure by protists

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 22K19153
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 38:Agricultural chemistry and related fields
Research InstitutionHiroshima University

Principal Investigator

Hirota Ryuichi  広島大学, 統合生命科学研究科(先), 准教授 (90452614)

Project Period (FY) 2022-06-30 – 2024-03-31
Keywords藍藻 / 捕食 / 細胞形態 / 原生生物 / 微生物相互作用
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We previously discovered that several cyanobacteria can drastically change morphological structure under predation pressure from protozoa. In this study, we used two predator-prey models, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 with golden algae and Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 with marine ciliates, to elucidate the cell elongation mechanisms and their significance in microbial survival strategies. Co-cultivation with predators induced the emergence of morphological variants in both freshwater and marine cyanobacteria. Furthermore, co-cultivation experiments using the isolated elongated mutant strains revealed that the morphological variants exhibited resistance to predation. Multiple elongated mutants were isolated, and genome sequencing analysis identified their mutation points in the genes responsible for cell division and cell-wall degradation. As a result, it was found that mutations occurred in genes coding for proteins involved in cell morphology formation and cell wall composition.

Free Research Field

応用微生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

商業利用を指向した微細藻類の屋外大規模培養では、捕食性微生物のコンタミネーションは不可避であり、実用化における大きな障壁となっている。本研究では、藍藻の形態を大きく変化させることで捕食被害を低減する手法を開発し、得られた株は実際に捕食抵抗性を有することが示された。これにより微細藻類の社会実装がより現実味を帯びてくる可能性がある。また、本研究で構築した藍藻-捕食者共培養システムは、藍藻の細胞形態形成因子の抽出、および微生物生存に関わる現象を解析することができる実験系である。現在、これまでに報告のない遺伝子が複数同定されており、細胞形態形成に関わる新たな因子が発見される可能性がある。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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