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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

In vivo deletion of abatacept-resistant persistent autoreactive memory T cells

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 22K19446
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 49:Pathology, infection/immunology, and related fields
Research InstitutionKeio University

Principal Investigator

Chikuma Shunsuke  慶應義塾大学, 医学部(信濃町), 准教授 (50437208)

Project Period (FY) 2022-06-30 – 2024-03-31
Keywords自己免疫疾患 / ヘルパーT細胞 / 免疫治療 / メモリーT細胞
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We established a Th17-dependent model of dermatitis and revealed the existence of two subsets of Th17 cells, effector-like and memory-like. Effector-like cells were almost completely inhibited by abatacept, a CD28 inhibitor, leading to complete suppression of autoimmune dermatitis. In contrast, memory-like cells showed resistance to abatacept and survived in vivo, demonstrating a propensity to differentiate into new effector-like cells. Furthermore, we elucidated specific metabolic pathways in memory-like cells, such as cholesterol and ethanol metabolism. In particular, focusing on aldehyde dehydrogenase expressed in memory-like cells, we found that inhibiting this enzyme could inhibit the survival of memory-like cells in the dermatitis model mentioned above.

Free Research Field

免疫学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

人口の約5%が何らかの自己免疫疾患に罹患すると言われているが、自己免疫疾患の治療抵抗性、再発メカニズムは不明である。Th17は、自らを複製し長期生存する一方、炎症細胞を生み出す「ステムネス」を持つとされるがその実態は明らかではなかった。本研究では,Th17に少なくとも2つの亜集団が存在し、メモリー様細胞は免疫治療に抵抗して体内生存し、炎症細胞へ分化できることを明らかにした。また遺伝子発現解析から、メモリー様細胞に発現する独特の遺伝子群を見出し、この阻害によりメモリー様細胞の阻害が可能であることを示した。本研究成果は難治性免疫疾患の一端を明らかにした点で学術的意義、臨床的な意義を併せ持つ。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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