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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Study of the mechanism of transformation in human esophageal epithelial cells

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 22K19457
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 50:Oncology and related fields
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

Kakiuchi Nobuyuki  京都大学, 白眉センター, 特定准教授 (90839721)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 横山 顕礼  京都大学, 医学研究科, 助教 (20515514)
Project Period (FY) 2022-06-30 – 2024-03-31
Keywords食道がん / クローン進化 / ドライバー変異 / 前がん病変
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study revealed that while TP53 mutations exist in iodine-stained areas of the esophagus (Normal), abnormalities in chromosome 3 copy number are rare. In contrast, in LVL-ND, esophageal driver mutations were present in all but two samples, with TP53 mutations being the most common, observed in 65% of cases. LVL-ND samples with TP53 mutations frequently exhibited broad CNVs, including loss of the short arm of chromosome 3 and gain of the long arm of chromosome 3. These changes suggest that acquiring these alterations leads to the iodine-unstained phenotype, indicating the formation of cancer origins.

Free Research Field

腫瘍生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

わが国の死亡原因第1位はがんであり、食道がんは男性において7番目に多く、男女併せて年間約1万人強が死亡している。これまでの研究により、正常食道上皮は加齢や食道がんリスク因子への暴露によりがんドライバー変異クローンによって再構築されることが判明したが、正常上皮から異型上皮への形質転換メカニズムについては未だ詳細は不明であった。本研究により、発がん最初期におけるヒト食道上皮細胞の形質転換メカニズムの一旦が解明され、食道がんの発がん予防や発症前治療の開発に資する知見を得ることが出来た。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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