2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidation of the specificity and commonality of the excitation-contraction mechanism across smooth muscle-containing organs
| Project/Area Number |
22K19584
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Medium-sized Section 56:Surgery related to the biological and sensory functions and related fields
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| Research Institution | Nagoya University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
梶岡 俊一 国際医療福祉大学, 福岡薬学部, 教授 (90274472)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2022-06-30 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | 平滑筋 / 興奮収縮連関 / 細胞内Ca / 多様性 / 共通メカニズム |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Smooth muscle is distributed throughout various tissues and organs in the body, generating a wide range of movements depending on its function. For instance, in the bronchi and blood vessels, it facilitates the regulation of airflow and blood flow through sustained contractions. In contrast, in the gastrointestinal tract and uterus, it produces rhythmic contractions. However, current medical and physiological textbooks tend to provide a uniform explanation on the excitation and mechanical control of smooth muscle across various organs. This study thus explored the underlying mechanisms of tension generation, including the potential control in the thin filament actin end. We measured tissue- and organ-specific intracellular Ca concentrations using ratiometric Ca-sensitive fluorescent proteins, and conducted research to correlate these with spontaneous excitations and contraction characteristics, along with genetic information.
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| Free Research Field |
内科学一般、生理学、人間医工学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
現在の医学・生理学の教科書では、生体の臓器組織において機能に応じた多様な運動を担う平滑筋の興奮・運動特性を画一的なメカニズムで説明する。そこで「多様性の背後には極めて重要な知見が潜む可能性がある」との考えで本研究を行い、方向性を見出すことができた。レシオメトリックCa感受性蛍光タンパクでの計測において、平滑筋細胞内Ca濃度は骨格筋に比べ一般に低かったが、異なる組織臓器間、同じ臓器内の異なる部位で平滑筋Ca濃度に差が認められた。また、特徴的な複合運動を発生する結腸では、その根底には平滑筋自身のCa活動があった。多様な平滑筋サブグループの発現遺伝子と対比することで、新たな予防・治療点が期待できる。
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