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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Physiological and Morphological Significance of OsMADS18 Gene Duplication in Rice Breeding

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 22K20584
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section 0602:Agricultural and environmental biology and related fields
Research InstitutionIwate Biotechnology Research Center

Principal Investigator

NOMURA Chihiro  公益財団法人岩手生物工学研究センター, ゲノム育種研究部, 契約研究員 (70965384)

Project Period (FY) 2022-08-31 – 2024-03-31
Keywordsコピー数多型 / 遺伝子重複 / ゲノム編集 / MADS18 / イネ
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, a method was established to manipulate gene copy number using genome editing that target duplicated sequences. Although the presence or absence of gene duplication can be detected by the conventional PCR method, it has been difficult to determine whether the gene duplication is homozygous or heterozygous. In this study, a method was established to enable the above discrimination by qPCR. Using these methods, genome-edited rice with different copy numbers of the OsMADS18 gene were generated and compared, resulting in differences in transcript levels and plant morphology. Therefore, it was suggested that the MADS18 gene copy number variation is an important allele in rice breeding.

Free Research Field

植物育種学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

作物の育種に利用されてきた遺伝学的変異の多くは一塩基多型やInDelによるものであり、遺伝子コピー数が農業上有用な形質を変化させるという事例は、これまでほとんど報告されてなかった。本研究では、ゲノム編集を用いてイネの転写因子であるOsMADS18の遺伝子コピー数を人為的に改変することに成功し、OsMADS18のコピー数の違いがイネの形態を制御しているということを明らかにした。本研究成果は、従来見落とされていた農業上重要なコピー数変異が、イネ育種において利用可能なアレルであることを示すとともに、遺伝子コピー数を改変することで、人為的にイネの成長を制御できることを実証した。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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