2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Population genomics reveals the migratory history of Toxoplasma gondii in East Asia.
Project/Area Number |
22K20614
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
0605:Veterinary medical science, animal science, and related fields
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Research Institution | Osaka University |
Principal Investigator |
Ihara Fumiaki 大阪大学, 微生物病研究所, 助教 (00800773)
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Project Period (FY) |
2022-08-31 – 2024-03-31
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Keywords | トキソプラズマ / 集団ゲノミクス / 病原体の進化 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Detailed genomic studies on Toxoplasma gondii have not been conducted in Japan, and little was known about the risks and origins of Toxoplasma in Japan. We performed whole-genome analysis of 17 isolates from Japan and China, revealing that the Japanese Toxoplasma population has undergone unique genetic admixture with strains from Eurasia and the Americas. Particularly, this study strongly suggests that a highly virulent strain isolated in Okinawa emerged due to sexual reproduction between a low-virulence strain sharing roots with the South/Central American strains and low-virulence strain from mainland Japan, indicating a marked increase in virulence.
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Free Research Field |
寄生虫学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
全ゲノムシークエンスが一般的な現在も、トキソプラズマの分子疫学調査の多くはわずかな数のマーカー遺伝子から得られる一塩基多型(SNP)の情報に依存している。性的組換えによってゲノムがダイナミックに変化するトキソプラズマにおいて、不十分な数のマーカーに基づく分類法は多様性を過小評価し、遺伝子型の誤判定を引き起こす。本研究は、東アジアのトキソプラズマを対象とした世界初の集団ゲノミクス研究であり、極東アジア株のゲノム構造を明らかとした。さらに、南北アメリカ大陸のトキソプラズマと共通した新規の祖先系統を特定し、東アジアのトキソプラズマの進化史の解明に寄与する知見が提供された。
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