Discriminating of the Mechanism of Periodontitis Development and Progression Based on Multi-Omics Analysis

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 22K21053
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: 0907:Oral science and related fields
• Research Institution: Tokyo Medical and Dental University
• Principal Investigator: Nemoto Takashi 東京医科歯科大学, 大学院医歯学総合研究科, 非常勤講師 (20964836)
• Project Period (FY): 2022-08-31 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 歯周炎 / 歯肉炎 / 細菌叢 / メタトランスクリプトーム

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Periodontal disease is an infection caused by bacteria in plaque that leads to inflammatory destruction of periodontal tissue. This study extracted DNA and RNA from plaque samples before and after periodontal treatment and conducted a metatranscriptomic analysis using next-generation sequencing. The bacterial composition and activity were evaluated, along with clinical symptoms. Significant differences in bacterial diversity were observed in periodontal sites before and after treatment, with notable decreases in Streptococcus sp, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia. The study confirmed changes in bacterial flora across the entire oral cavity post-treatment, suggesting dysbiosis even in healthy sites.

Free Research Field

歯周病学分野

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、歯周病治療前後のプラークから細菌の遺伝子を解析し、細菌の変動を詳しく調査した。治療により病原性の高い細菌が減少し、口腔の細菌バランス、すなわち細菌叢が変動することや、健康に見える部位も細菌叢の乱れがあることを確認した。この成果は、治療前後の歯周病罹患歯の細菌叢について明らかにした数少ない報告であり、歯周病予防と治療に対して新たな指針を提供し、口腔の健康維持においての新たな洞察をもたらした。