2013 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Research on Warning and Evacuation System in Large Scale Disasters

Research Project

Project/Area Number	23530037
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Research Field	Public law
Research Institution	Gakushuin University
Principal Investigator	OHASHI Yoichi 学習院大学, 法務研究科, 教授 (10192519)
Project Period (FY)	2011 – 2013
Keywords	避難勧告 / 災害対策基本法 / 避難法制
Research Abstract	The theme is a comparative study of the warning and evacuation system.The warning and evacuation system has been developed, based on the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act. I have spent a lot of time to examine statutes and ordinances for early warning and evacuation of inhabitants in large scale disasters.In the Japanese legal institution, establishment of evacuation centers and evacuation from home to evacuation centers are main countermeasures. However it is not enough. We must develop new types of evacuations, because it is little time to evacuate in some cases. On the other hand, it is not easy for the mayor of municipality to issue evacuation advisories or orders rapidly. Therefore, municipalities must prepare a legal standard explaining the criteria so that the mayor can decide quickly on issuing evacuation advisories or orders and residents can carry out appropriate evacuation procedures. As a result, the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act must be amended.