Pollution dynamics of groundwater analyzed by microbial community structures and stable isotopes

2013 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 23560641
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Civil and environmental engineering
• Research Institution: University of Yamanashi
• Principal Investigator: NISHIDA Kei 山梨大学, 医学工学総合研究部, 准教授 (70293438)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): 清 和成 北里大学, 医療衛生学部, 教授 (80324177)
• Project Period (FY): 2011 – 2013
• Keywords: 国際研究交流 / ネパール / 地下水 / 微生物汚染 / 安定同位体比

Research Abstract

Field surveys of shallow groundwater were conducted to collect primary data of hydrology and water quality including microbial community structures and stable isotopes in Kathmandu, Nepal. Hydrologic factors (rainwater infiltration and water table increase) triggered the microbial contamination. Pathogens (BSL 2 or more) prevailed in multiple wells, livestock feces were supposedly one of the pollution sources in the area. Geostatistical analysis showed that districts with both dense population and damaged sewer might be hot spots of the pollution. Multivariate analysis showed that, in addition to water quality, chronic shortage and intermittent supply of piped water, storage of the water and instability of source were significantly related to diarrhoea occurrence. Thus, apparent improvement of sanitary infrastructures does not necessarily contribute for reducing health impact effectively and a master plan should be established on the basis of understanding the diverse water use.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Seasonal variation in the microbial quality of shallow groundwater in the Kathmandu Valley (2013)
  • Author(s): Sadhana Shrestha, Takashi Nakamura, Rabin Malla and Kei Nishida
  • Journal Title: Nepal. Water Science & Technology
  • DOI: 10.2166/ws
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Access to improved water and its relationship with diarrhoea in Kathmandu Valley (2013)
  • Author(s): Salina Shrestha, Yoko Aihara, Kanako Yoden, Zentaro Yamagata, Kei Nishida
  • Journal Title: Nepal : a cross-sectional study. British Medical Journal Open
  • DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002264
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Water quality at supply source and point of use in the Kathmandu Valley (2013)
  • Author(s): Salina Shrestha, Sadhana Shrestha Malla, Yoko Aihara, Naoki Kondo, Kei Nishida
  • Journal Title: Journal of Water and Environment Technology Volume: 11 Pages: 331-340
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Estimation of diarrhoea incidence through flooding simulation in low-income community areas in Dhaka Cit (2013)
  • Author(s): Hashimoto M, Suetsugi T, Sunada K, Ichikawa Y, Kondo N, Nishida K
  • Journal Title: South East Asia Water Environment Volume: 5 Pages: 67-73
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Application of Material Flow Analysis in assessing nutrient fluxes in Day - Nhue river basin (2013)
  • Author(s): Do Thu Nga, Yasushi Sakamoto, Futaba Kazama, Kei Nishida
  • Journal Title: South East Asia Water Environment Volume: 5 Pages: 41-46
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Groundwater nitrate contamination in small agriculture area : assessing the source and process using isotopes and ions (2013)
  • Author(s): Yureana Wijayanti, Takashi Nakamura, Kei Nishida, Eiji Haramoto, Yasushi Sakamoto
  • Journal Title: Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers B1 Volume: 69, 4 Pages: 223-228
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Seasonal differences and source estimation of groundwater nitrate contamination (2013)
  • Author(s): Yureana Wijayanti, Takashi Nakamura, Kei Nishida, Eiji Haramoto, Yasushi Sakamoto
  • Journal Title: Journal of Water and Environment Technology Volume: 11, 3 Pages: 163-174
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Shallow groundwater recharge altitudes in the Kathmandu Valley (2012)
  • Author(s): Takashi Nakamura, Saroj Kumar Chapagain, Vishnu Prasad Pandey, Ken'ichi Osaka, Kei Nishida, Sadhana Shrestha Malla, Futaba Kazama
  • Journal Title: Kathmandu Valley Groundwater Outlook Pages: 39-45
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Characterization of microbial communities distributed in the groundwater pumped from deep tube wells in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal (2012)
  • Author(s): Yasuhiro Tanaka, Kei Nishida, Takashi Nakamura, Saroj Kumar Chapagain, Daisuke Inoue, Kazunari Sei, Kazuhiro Mori, Yasushi Sakamoto, Futaba Kazama
  • Journal Title: Journal of Water and Health Volume: 10, 1 Pages: 170-180
  • DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002264
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Identification of groundwater recharge and nitrate pollution in the Kanegawa Alluvial Fan of the Kofu Basin, Japan, using stable isotopes and ions (2012)
  • Author(s): Yureana Wijayanti, Takashi Nakamura, Kei Nishida, Eiji Haramoto, Yasushi Sakamoto
  • Journal Title: Annual Journal of Hydraulic Engineering Volume: 56 Pages: 199-204
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] バングラデシュ・ダッカにおける氾濫解析のための主要氾濫因子に対する感度分析に関する研究 (2012)
  • Author(s): 橋本雅和,末次忠司,砂田憲吾,市川温,近藤尚己,西田継
  • Journal Title: 河川技術論文集 Volume: 18 Pages: 487-492
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Prevalence of protozoa, viruses, coliphages and indicator bacteria in groundwater and river water in the Kathmandu Valley (2011)
  • Author(s): Eiji Haramoto, Kaoru Yamada, Kei Nishida
  • Journal Title: Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Volume: 105 Pages: 711-716
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Assessing nutrient fluxes in a Vietnamese rural area despite limited and high uncertainty data (2011)
  • Author(s): Nga Do-Thu, Antoine Morel, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Phuc Pham-Duc, Kei Nishida, Thammarat Kootattep
  • Journal Title: Conservation and Recycling Volume: 55, 9-10 Pages: 849-856
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Water Research Needs You (Plenary Speaker) (2014)
  • Author(s): Nishida Kei
  • Organizer: 1st International Young Researcher's Workshop on River Basin Environment and Management
  • Place of Presentation: Thailand
  • Year and Date: 2014-02-09
• [Presentation] Risk of diarrhea from shallow groundwater contaminated with enteropathogens in the Kathmandu Valley (2014)
  • Author(s): Sadhana Shrestha, Nishida Kei
  • Organizer: 1st International Young Researcher's Workshop on River Basin Environment and Management
  • Place of Presentation: Thailand
  • Year and Date: 2014-02-09
• [Presentation] DNA MICROARRAY ANALYSIS OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS IN SHALLOW WELL GROUNDWATER IN THE KATHMANDU VALLEY (2013)
  • Author(s): Sei K, Hinoura T, Miyauchi K, Chapagain SK, Matsuzawa H, Nakamura T, Tanaka Y, Inoue D and Nishida K
  • Organizer: 17th International Syposium on Health-Related Water Microbilogy
  • Place of Presentation: Brazil
  • Year and Date: 20130915-20
• [Presentation] Estimating health risk from enteropathogenic microorganisms in shallow groundwater of 40 Kathmandu Valley (2013)
  • Author(s): Sadhana Shrestha, Takashi Nakamura, Eiji Haramoto, Kei Nishida
  • Organizer: Water and Environment Technology Conference 2013
  • Place of Presentation: Tokyo, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2013-06-16
• [Presentation] ネパール・カトマンズの水環境汚染と健康影響 (2013)
  • Author(s): 西田継
  • Organizer: 地球惑星科学連合2013年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 日本、千葉、幕張メッセ
  • Year and Date: 2013-05-22
  • Invited
• [Presentation] DNAマイクロアレイを用いたネパール・カトマンズ盆地の地下水中における病原性細菌汚染の解析 (2013)
  • Author(s): 日野浦拓之、鈴木倫子、宮内華織、龐俊琴、Saroj K Chapagain、松澤宏朗、田中靖浩、井上大介、池道彦、西田継、清和成
  • Organizer: 水処理生物学会第49回大会
  • Place of Presentation: 日本、東京、北里大学
  • Year and Date: 2013-03-11
• [Presentation] Comprehensive detection of bacterial pathogens in the shallow well groundwater in Kathmandu Valley (2012)
  • Author(s): Daisuke Inoue, Noriko Suzuki, Takuji Hinoura, Kaori Miyauchi, Junqin Pang, Saroj K. Chapagain, Hiroaki Matsuzawa, Yasuhiro Tanaka, Michihiko Ike, Kei Nishida and Kazunari Sei
  • Organizer: The 4th IWA Asia-Pacific Young Water Professionals Conference
  • Place of Presentation: Miraikan, Tokyo, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2012-12-08
• [Presentation] ネパール・カトマンズ盆地の水試料を対象としたアイチウイルスの定量および遺伝子解析 (2012)
  • Author(s): 原本英司,北島正章,西田継
  • Organizer: 第60回日本ウイルス学会学術集会
  • Place of Presentation: 日本、大阪、大阪国際会議場
  • Year and Date: 2012-11-24
• [Presentation] ネパールの5歳未満児の下痢罹患と上下水道施設へのアクセス:2001～2011年の国民健康調査からの検討 (2012)
  • Author(s): 相原洋子、Salina Shrestha、近藤尚己、風間ふたば、西田継、山縣然太朗
  • Organizer: 第27回日本国際保健医療学会
  • Place of Presentation: 日本、岡山、岡山大学
  • Year and Date: 2012-11-14
• [Presentation] Estimation of diarrhoea incidence through flooding simulation in low-income community areas in Dhaka City, Bangladesh (2012)
  • Author(s): Masakazu Hashimoto, Tadashi Suetsugi, Kengo Sunada, Yutaka Ichikawa, Naoki Kondo and Kei Nishida
  • Organizer: The 10th International Symposium on Southeast Asian Water Environment
  • Place of Presentation: Hilton Hanoi Opera Hotel, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • Year and Date: 2012-11-10
• [Presentation] Nitrate-organic carbon relationship in groundwater denitrification os Kathmandu Valle (2012)
  • Author(s): Nakamura, T., K. Osaka, K. Nishida, S. K. Chapagain, Y. Hiraga and F. Kazama
  • Organizer: The 10th International Symposium on Southeast Asian Water Environment
  • Place of Presentation: Hilton Hanoi Opera Hotel, Hanoi, Vietnam
  • Year and Date: 2012-11-09
• [Presentation] Sanitary Conditions and Water Borne Diseases in the Kathmandu Valley (2012)
  • Author(s): Shrestha S, Aihara Y, Kanako Y, Yamagata Z, Nishida K, and Kondo N
  • Organizer: The 44th Asia Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health Conference
  • Place of Presentation: University of Colombo, Colombo, Srilanka
  • Year and Date: 2012-10-15
• [Presentation] Impact of Water Use on Diarrhoeal Diseases in the Kathmandu Valley Nepal (2012)
  • Author(s): Shrestha S, Aihara Y, Kondo N, Kanako Y, Yamagata Z and Nishida K
  • Organizer: Water Environment and Technology Conference 2012
  • Place of Presentation: Tokyo, Japan
  • Year and Date: 2012-06-30
• [Presentation] Occurrence of waterborne pathogens in aquatic environments in the Kathmandu Valley (2012)
  • Author(s): Eiji Haramoto, Sadaaki Shimura, Takashi Nakamura, Ken'ichi Osaka, Kei Nishida, Yasushi Sakamoto
  • Organizer: 112th General Meeting of American Society for Microbiology
  • Place of Presentation: San Francisco, USA
  • Year and Date: 2012-06-30
• [Presentation] ネパール・カトマンズ盆地の浅井戸地下水中における病原性細菌分布のDNAマイクロアレイ解析 (2012)
  • Author(s): 井上大介、日野浦拓之、宮内華織、Saroj K Chapagain、松澤宏朗、中村高志、田中靖浩、西田継、清和成
  • Organizer: 第47回日本水環境学会年会
  • Place of Presentation: 日本、大阪、大阪産業大学
  • Year and Date: 2012-06-18
• [Presentation] カトマンズ盆地における都市地下水の糞便汚染の解析 (2012)
  • Author(s): 志村禎章, Sadhana Shrestha Malla, Saroj K Chapagain,坂本明子,中村高志,尾坂兼一,原本英司,近藤尚己,井上大介,清和成,坂本康,風間ふたば,西田継
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2012年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 日本、千葉、幕張メッセ
  • Year and Date: 2012-05-24
• [Presentation] ネパールカトマンズ盆地における地下水中の微生物群集解析 (2012)
  • Author(s): 松澤宏朗,田中靖浩,中村高志,尾坂兼一,遠山忠,高瀬晶弘, Saroj K Chapagain,井上大介,清和成,森一博,坂本康,風間ふたば,西田継
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2012年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 日本、千葉、幕張メッセ
  • Year and Date: 2012-05-24
• [Presentation] カトマンズ盆地の都市地下水の水質・水文条件が硝酸イオン濃度分布に与える影響 (2012)
  • Author(s): 中村高志,尾坂兼一,Saroj K Chapagain,志村禎章,西田継,坂本康,風間ふたば
  • Organizer: 日本地球惑星科学連合2012年大会
  • Place of Presentation: 日本、千葉、幕張メッセ
  • Year and Date: 2012-05-24
• [Presentation] Analyzing faecal contamination of shallow groundwater in the Kathmandu Valley
  • Author(s): Sadaaki Shimura, Sadhana Shrestha Malla, Akiko Sakamoto, Takashi Nakamura, Yasuhiro Tanaka, Hiroaki Matsuzawa, Eiji Haramoto, Naoki Kondo, Futaba Kazama, Yasushi Sakamoto, Daisuke Inoue, Kazunari Sei, Kei Nishida
  • Organizer: Water and Environment Technology Conference 2012
  • Place of Presentation: Tokyo, Japan
• [Remarks]
  • URL: https://www.facebook.com/ICRE.UY